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Antibody escape by polyomavirus capsid mutation facilitates neurovirulence.

Matthew D Lauver | Daniel J Goetschius | Colleen S Netherby-Winslow | Katelyn N Ayers | Ge Jin | Daniel G Haas | Elizabeth L Frost | Sung Hyun Cho | Carol M Bator | Stephanie M Bywaters | Neil D Christensen | Susan L Hafenstein | Aron E Lukacher
eLife | 2020

JCPyV polyomavirus, a member of the human virome, causes progressive multifocal leukoencephalopathy (PML), an oft-fatal demyelinating brain disease in individuals receiving immunomodulatory therapies. Mutations in the major viral capsid protein, VP1, are common in JCPyV from PML patients (JCPyV-PML) but whether they confer neurovirulence or escape from virus-neutralizing antibody (nAb) in vivo is unknown. A mouse polyomavirus (MuPyV) with a sequence-equivalent JCPyV-PML VP1 mutation replicated poorly in the kidney, a major reservoir for JCPyV persistence, but retained the CNS infectivity, cell tropism, and neuropathology of the parental virus. This mutation rendered MuPyV resistant to a monoclonal Ab (mAb), whose specificity overlapped the endogenous anti-VP1 response. Using cryo-EM and a custom sub-particle refinement approach, we resolved an MuPyV:Fab complex map to 3.2 Å resolution. The structure revealed the mechanism of mAb evasion. Our findings demonstrate convergence between nAb evasion and CNS neurovirulence in vivo by a frequent JCPyV-PML VP1 mutation.

Pubmed ID: 32940605

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


ATCC (tool)

RRID:SCR_001672

Global nonprofit biological resource center (BRC) and research organization that provides biological products, technical services and educational programs to private industry, government and academic organizations. Its mission is to acquire, authenticate, preserve, develop and distribute biological materials, information, technology, intellectual property and standards for the advancement and application of scientific knowledge. The primary purpose of ATCC is to use its resources and experience as a BRC to become the world leader in standard biological reference materials management, intellectual property resource management and translational research as applied to biomaterial development, standardization and certification. ATCC characterizes cell lines, bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa, as well as develops and evaluates assays and techniques for validating research resources and preserving and distributing biological materials to the public and private sector research communities.

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Addgene (tool)

RRID:SCR_002037

Non-profit plasmid repository dedicated to helping scientists around the world share high-quality plasmids. Facilitates archiving and distributing DNA-based research reagents and associated data to scientists worldwide. Repository contains over 65,000 plasmids, including special collections on CRISPR, fluorescent proteins, and ready-to-use viral preparations. There is no cost for scientists to deposit plasmids, which saves time and money associated with shipping plasmids themselves. All plasmids are fully sequenced for validation and sequencing data is openly available. We handle the appropriate Material Transfer Agreements (MTA) with institutions, facilitating open exchange and offering intellectual property and liability protection for depositing scientists. Furthermore, we curate free educational resources for the scientific community including a blog, eBooks, video protocols, and detailed molecular biology resources.

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PRISM (tool)

RRID:SCR_005375

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on May 5,2022.Tool that predicts interactions between transcription factors and their regulated genes from binding motifs. Understanding vertebrate development requires unraveling the cis-regulatory architecture of gene regulation. PRISM provides accurate genome-wide computational predictions of transcription factor binding sites for the human and mouse genomes, and integrates the predictions with GREAT to provide functional biological context. Together, accurate computational binding site prediction and GREAT produce for each transcription factor: 1. putative binding sites, 2. putative target genes, 3. putative biological roles of the transcription factor, and 4. putative cis-regulatory elements through which the factor regulates each target in each functional role.

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Promega (tool)

RRID:SCR_006724

An Antibody supplier

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Bethyl (tool)

RRID:SCR_013554

An Antibody supplier

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MolProbity (tool)

RRID:SCR_014226

A structure-validation web application which provides an expert-system consultation about the accuracy of a macromolecular structure model, diagnosing local problems and enabling their correction. MolProbity works best as an active validation tool (used as soon as a model is available and during each rebuild/refine loop) and when used for protein and RNA crystal structures, but it may also work well for DNA, ligands and NMR ensembles. It produces coordinates, graphics, and numerical evaluations that integrate with either manual or automated use in systems such as PHENIX, KiNG, or Coot.

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C57BL/6J (tool)

RRID:IMSR_JAX:000664

Mus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.

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FlowJo (software resource)

RRID:SCR_008520

Software for single-cell flow cytometry analysis. Its functions include management, display, manipulation, analysis and publication of the data stream produced by flow and mass cytometers.

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Coot (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014222

Software for macromolecular model building, model completion and validation, and protein modelling using X-ray data. Coot displays maps and models and allows model manipulations such as idealization, rigid-body fitting, ligand search, Ramachandran plots, non-crystallographic symmetry and more. Source code is available.

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Phenix (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014224

A Python-based software suite for the automated determination of molecular structures using X-ray crystallography and other methods. Phenix includes programs for assessing data quality, experimental phasing, molecular replacement, model building, structure refinement, and validation. It also includes tools for reflection data and creating maps and models. Phenix can also be used for neutron crystallography. Tutorials and examples are available in the documentation tab.

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Adobe Photoshop (software resource)

RRID:SCR_014199

Software for image processing, analysis, and editing. The software includes features such as touch capabilities, a customizable toolbar, 2D and 3D image merging, and Cloud access and options.

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Leica Application Suite X (resource)

RRID:SCR_013673

Software for image capture, processing and analysis with Leica fluorescence and confocal microscopes.

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mIMCD-3 (cell line)

RRID:CVCL_0429

Cell line mIMCD-3 is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus

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ImageJ (software resource)

RRID:SCR_003070

Open source Java based image processing software program designed for scientific multidimensional images. ImageJ has been transformed to ImageJ2 application to improve data engine to be sufficient to analyze modern datasets.

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NMuMG (cell line)

RRID:CVCL_0075

Cell line NMuMG is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus

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GraphPad Prism (software resource)

RRID:SCR_002798

Statistical analysis software that combines scientific graphing, comprehensive curve fitting (nonlinear regression), understandable statistics, and data organization. Designed for biological research applications in pharmacology, physiology, and other biological fields for data analysis, hypothesis testing, and modeling.

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BALB/3T3 clone A31 (cell line)

RRID:CVCL_0184

Cell line BALB/3T3 clone A31 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus

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cryoSPARC (data processing software)

RRID:SCR_016501

Software integrated platform used for obtaining 3D structural information from single particle cryo-EM data. Enables automated, high quality and high-throughput structure discovery of proteins, viruses and molecular complexes for research and drug discovery.

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RELION (software resource)

RRID:SCR_016274

Software for determination of cryo-EM structures. It employs an empirical Bayesian approach to refinement of (multiple) 3D reconstructions or 2D class averages in electron cryo-microscopy.

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