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TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: C57BL/6J
Assessments: Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Evans blue extravasation, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Novel object recognition test, Rotarod test, TUNEL staining, Western blot, lactate dehydrogenase release
Citation: Evanson NK, Guilhaume-Correa F, Herman JP, Goodman MD. Optic tract injury after closed head traumatic brain injury in mice: A model of indirect traumatic optic neuropathyPLoS One. 2018 May 10;13(5):e0197346. doi: 10.1371\/journal.pone.0197346. eCollection 2018. PMC5944994
TBI Model Type: Other
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: C57Bl/6
Assessments: Barnes Maze test, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA), Histology, LRR, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), open field test, Silver staining, Western blot, Rotarod test, passive avoidance task, thigmotaxis index
Citation: Namjoshi DR, Cheng WH, McInnes KA, Martens KM, Carr M, Wilkinson A, Fan J, Robert J, Hayat A, Cripton PA, Wellington CL. Merging pathology with biomechanics using CHIMERA (Closed-Head Impact Model of Engineered Rotational Acceleration): a novel, surgery-free model of traumatic brain injuryMol Neurodegener. 2014 Dec 1;9:55. doi: 10.1186\/1750-1326-9-55. PMC4269957
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: ICR
Assessments: Cavalieri’s method, Hematoxylin and Eosin, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), ORT, Rotarod test, Western blot, Y Maze
Citation: Ji X, Peng D, Zhang Y, Zhang J, Wang Y, Gao Y, Lu N, Tang P. Astaxanthin improves cognitive performance in mice following mild traumatic brain injuryBrain Res. 2017 Mar 15;1659:88-95. doi: 10.1016\/j.brainres.2016.12.031. Epub 2016 Dec 31.
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: Swiss Albino
Assessments: Evans blue staining, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Neurological Severity Score (NSS), open field test, R(−)-apomorphine challenge, Rotarod test, Western blot
Citation: de Oliveira PA, Ben J, Matheus FC, Schwarzbold ML, Moreira ELG, Rial D, Walz R, Prediger RD. Moderate traumatic brain injury increases the vulnerability to neurotoxicity induced by systemic administration of 6-hydroxydopamine in miceBrain Res. 2017 May 15;1663:78-86. doi: 10.1016\/j.brainres.2017.03.002. Epub 2017 Mar 11.
TBI Model Type: Controlled cortical impact model
Organism Species: rat
Organism Strain: Sprague-Dawley
Assessments: hindlimb reflexive ability, single probe trial, Cortical lesion volume, Morris Mater Maze (MWM), Beam balance test, Beam walk test, righting reflex, Rotarod test, Cresyl violet staining
Citation: Monaco CM, Mattiola VV, Folweiler KA, Tay JK, Yelleswarapu NK, Curatolo LM, Matter AM, Cheng JP, Kline AE. Environmental enrichment promotes robust functional and histological benefits in female rats after controlled cortical impact injuryExp Neurol. 2013 Sep;247:410-8. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2013.01.007. Epub 2013 Jan 16. PMC3644389
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: rat
Organism Strain: Wistar Han
Assessments: RT-PCR, elevated plus maze, Barnes Maze test, Microarray, Rotarod test, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), rotating pole
Citation: Chakraborty N, Hammamieh R, Gautam A, Miller SA, Condlin ML, Jett M, Scrimgeour AG. TBI weight-drop model with variable impact heights differentially perturbs hippocampus-cerebellum specific transcriptomic profileExp Neurol. 2021 Jan;335:113516. doi: 10.1016\/j.expneurol.2020.113516. Epub 2020 Oct 22.
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: rat
Organism Strain: Wistar
Assessments: High resolution respirometry, Mitochondrial respiration assay, object recognition test, open field test, Rotarod test
Citation: Courtes AA, Gonçalves DF, Hartmann DD, da Rosa PC, Cassol G, Royes LFF, de Carvalho NR, Soares FAA. Guanosine protects against behavioural and mitochondrial bioenergetic alterations after mild traumatic brain injuryBrain Res Bull. 2020 Oct;163:31-39. doi: 10.1016\/j.brainresbull.2020.07.003. Epub 2020 Jul 15.
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: C57BL/6
Assessments: 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, Blood–brain barrier permeability, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Histology, RT-PCR, Western blot, Brain water content, limulus amebocyte lysate assay, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Rotarod test
Citation: Ma Y, Liu T, Fu J, Fu S, Hu C, Sun B, Fan X, Zhu J. Lactobacillus acidophilus Exerts Neuroprotective Effects in Mice with Traumatic Brain InjuryJ Nutr. 2019 Sep 1;149(9):1543-1552. doi: 10.1093\/jn\/nxz105.
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: C57BL/6
Assessments: Microdialysis in vivo, open field test, Resident-Intruder, Rotarod test, Tactile Allodynia, Tail Suspension Test, Three Chambers Sociability
Citation: Belardo C, Iannotta M, Boccella S, Rubino RC, Ricciardi F, Infantino R, Pieretti G, Stella L, Paino S, Marabese I, Maisto R, Luongo L, Maione S, Guida F. Oral Cannabidiol Prevents Allodynia and Neurological Dysfunctions in a Mouse Model of Mild Traumatic Brain InjuryFront Pharmacol. 2019 Apr 16;10:352. doi: 10.3389\/fphar.2019.00352. eCollection 2019. PMC6476923
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: rat
Organism Strain: Wistar
Assessments: Rotarod test, modified Neurologic Severity Score (mNSS), Immunofluorescence, Hematoxylin and eosin, Immunohistochemistry (IHC)
Citation: Bonilla C, Zurita M, Otero L, Aguayo C, Vaquero J.Brain Inj. 2009 Aug;23(9):760-9. doi: 10.1080/02699050903133970.
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: rat
Organism Strain: Wistar
Assessments: Rotarod test, VTB test, degree of lesion, modified Neurological Severity Score (mNSS)
Citation: Bonilla Horcajo C, Zurita Castillo M, Vaquero Crespo J. Platelet-rich plasma-derived scaffolds increase the benefit of delayed mesenchymal stromal cell therapy after severe traumatic brain injuryCytotherapy. 2018 Mar;20(3):314-321. doi: 10.1016\/j.jcyt.2017.11.012. Epub 2018 Jan 3.
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: C57BL/6
Assessments: Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Evans blue extravasation, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Novel object recognition, Rotarod test, TUNEL staining, Western blot, lactate dehydrogenase release
Citation: Wang P, Pan B, Tian J, Yang L, Chen Z, Yang L, Fan Z. Ac-FLTD-CMK inhibits pyroptosis and exerts neuroprotective effect in a mice model of traumatic brain injuryNeuroreport. 2021 Feb 3;32(3):188-197. doi: 10.1097\/WNR.0000000000001580.
TBI Model Type: Controlled cortical impact model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: C57BL/6J
Assessments: Neurological evaluation, Histology, Immunohistochemistry (IHC), Morris Water Maze (MWM), Beam walk test, forepaw contraflexion, Rotarod test, TUNEL staining
Citation: Fox GB, Fan L, Levasseur RA, Faden AI. Sustained sensory\/motor and cognitive deficits with neuronal apoptosis following controlled cortical impact brain injury in the mouseJ Neurotrauma. 1998 Aug;15(8):599-614. doi: 10.1089\/neu.1998.15.599.
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: C57BL/6
Assessments: Lesion Volume, Cresyl Violet Staining, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay (Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), Grip Strength Test, Immunofluorescence, Novel object recognition test, Rotarod Test, Western blot, Y-Maze Test
Citation: Ahmed ME, Selvakumar GP, Kempuraj D, Raikwar SP, Thangavel R, Bazley K, Wu K, Khan O, Khan A, Zaheer S, Iyer S, Burton C, James D, Zaheer A. Glia Maturation Factor (GMF) Regulates Microglial Expression Phenotypes and the Associated Neurological Deficits in a Mouse Model of Traumatic Brain InjuryMol Neurobiol. 2020 Nov;57(11):4438-4450. doi: 10.1007\/s12035-020-02040-y. Epub 2020 Jul 31.
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: CD-1
Assessments: Brain water content, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Evans blue extravasation, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Novel object recognition test, Rotarod test, TUNEL staining, Western blot, lactate dehydrogenase release
Citation: Kempuraj D, Ahmed ME, Selvakumar GP, Thangavel R, Raikwar SP, Zaheer SA, Iyer SS, Govindarajan R, Nattanmai Chandrasekaran P, Burton C, James D, Zaheer A. Acute Traumatic Brain Injury-Induced Neuroinflammatory Response and Neurovascular Disorders in the BrainNeurotox Res. 2021 Apr;39(2):359-368. doi: 10.1007\/s12640-020-00288-9. Epub 2020 Sep 21. PMC7502806
TBI Model Type: Controlled cortical impact model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: C57BL/6
Assessments: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), Rotarod test, Spin-echo multislice images, T2-weighted image, cylinder forelimb test, spontaneous forelimb test, Gridwalk test, Histology, laterality score
Citation: Onyszchuk G, Al-Hafez B, He YY, Bilgen M, Berman NE, Brooks WM. A mouse model of sensorimotor controlled cortical impact: characterization using longitudinal magnetic resonance imaging, behavioral assessments and histologyJ Neurosci Methods. 2007 Mar 15;160(2):187-96. doi: 10.1016\/j.jneumeth.2006.09.007. Epub 2006 Oct 16. PMC1941707
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: rat
Organism Strain: Wistar Han
Assessments: Barnes Maze test, GC/MS methods, Rotarod test, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), ultrasensitive single-molecule array
Citation: Scrimgeour AG, Condlin ML, Loban A, DeMar JC. Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Vitamin D Decrease Plasma T-Tau, GFAP, and UCH-L1 in Experimental Traumatic Brain InjuryFront Nutr. 2021 Jun 4;8:685220. doi: 10.3389\/fnut.2021.685220. eCollection 2021. PMC8211733
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: C57BL/6
Assessments: Brain water content, M29, 79-dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining, Morris Water Maze, Neurological Severity Scores, Nissl staining, TdT-mediated dUTP Nick-End Labeling, We performed modified Neurological Severity Scores (mNSS), rotarod test, and Morris Water Maze (MWM) test, respectively (n = 8 for each group), enzyme linked immunosorbent assay, immunofluorescence, immunohistochemistry, quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction, rotarod test, western blot
Citation: Wang H, Zhou XM, Wu LY, Liu GJ, Xu WD, Zhang XS, Gao YY, Tao T, Zhou Y, Lu Y, Wang J, Deng CL, Zhuang Z, Hang CH, Li W.Aucubin alleviates oxidative stress and inflammation via Nrf2-mediated signaling activity in experimental traumatic brain injuryJ Neuroinflammation. 2020 Jun 15;17(1):188. doi: 10.1186/s12974-020-01863-9.PMC729463110.1186/s12974-020-01863-9
TBI Model Type: Controlled cortical impact model
Organism Species: rat
Organism Strain: Sprague-Dawley
Assessments: 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequencing, Blood–brain barrier permeability, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), Histology, RT-PCR, Western blot, Brain water content, limulus amebocyte lysate assay, Neurological Severity Score (NSS), Rotarod test
Citation: Mirzayan MJ, Klinge PM, Ude S, Hotop A, Samii M, Brinker T, Korkmaz Z, Meyer GJ, Knapp WH, Samii A. Modified calcium accumulation after controlled cortical impact under cyclosporin A treatment: a 45Ca autoradiographic studyNeurol Res. 2008 Jun;30(5):476-9. doi: 10.1179\/174313208X276916.
TBI Model Type: Weight-drop model
Organism Species: mouse
Organism Strain: C57BL/6
Assessments: Brain water content, Cresyl violet, Forced swim test, Forelimb placement test, Morris water maze test, Novel object recognition, Rotarod test, Sucrose preference test, Tail suspension test, Western blotting, Wire hanging test, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, histology, lesion volume, modified neurologic severity score, neuronal death
Citation: Wang J, Jiang C, Zhang K, Lan X, Chen X, Zang W, Wang Z, Guan F, Zhu C, Yang X, Lu H, Wang J.Melatonin receptor activation provides cerebral protection after traumatic brain injury by mitigating oxidative stress and inflammation via the Nrf2 signaling pathwayFree Radic Biol Med. 2019 Feb 1;131:345-355. doi: 10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.014. Epub 2018 Dec 13.10.1016/j.freeradbiomed.2018.12.014