Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is a chronic, immune-mediated disorder of the esophagus characterized by mucosal eosinophilic infiltration. Topical glucocorticoids are considered standard line of treatment, whereas endoscopic dilations are performed for patients presenting with treatment-resistant disease or manifestations of dysphagia and/or food impactions. Efficacy and safety of esophageal dilation in these patients are currently unclear.

Obesity and metabolic syndrome (MS) are strongly associated with erosive esophagitis (EE). The prevalence of MS and EE, and the distribution of adipose tissue have been known to differ markedly between men and women. Although the prevalence of EE in men with MS is known to be higher in visceral fat type MS (V-type MS) than in subcutaneous fat type MS (S-type MS), the association between EE and the types of MS in women with MS is unclear. This study was a cross-sectional study elucidating the association between EE and the types of MS in women with MS. Subjects were 454 women with MS who underwent a regular health check-up. A distinction was made between V-type MS and S-type MS and the prevalence of EE and the association between EE and other data were elucidated. Although there were some significant different factors in characteristics between V-type MS and S-type MS, there was no significant difference in the prevalence of EE between V-type MS and S-type MS. The presence of Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) was significantly lower than in subjects with EE (13.7%) than in subjects without EE (41.9%). The frequency of hiatal hernia was significantly higher in subjects with EE (60.8%) than in subjects without EE (24.6%). Logistic regression analysis showed hiatal hernia (odds ratio: 4.673; 95% confidence interval: 2.448-8.920; P<0.001), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) (2.325; 1.110-4.870; P<0.05), and the presence of H. pylori (0.239; 0.101-0.567; P<0.005) were significant predictors of the prevalence of EE. V-type MS may not be such an important factor for the prevalence of EE in women with MS as in men with MS. The absence of H. pylori, hiatal hernia, and HbA1c may be more important for the prevalence of EE than the types of MS in women with MS.

Reflux esophagitis (RE) is a common disease which is caused by the reflux of stomach and duodenal contents. As a classic prescription of traditional Chinese medicine, Chaihu-Shugan-San (CSS) has been used in the treatment of RE. However, no critically designed overview to evaluate the systematic review of CSS for RE has been carried out. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the efficacy and safety of CSS in the treatment of RE.

This study compared the effectiveness and acceptability of all Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-recommended dose proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) in erosive esophagitis (EE): Dexlansoprazole 60 mg, Esomeprazole 40 mg, Esomeprazole 20 mg, Pantoprazole 40 mg, Lansoprazole 30 mg, Rabeprazole 20 mg, Omeprazole 20 mg.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is one of the most common digestive system diseases, which is associated with lifestyle and dietary factors. The main mechanism involved in GERD is affected by demographics, lifestyles, and dietary factors. Tea consumption is reported to be associated with GERD, especially in Asian population. However, the effect of tea drinking on GERD risk is still controversial. The aim of this study was to investigate the relationship between tea consumption and the risk of GERD by meta-analysis.

Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a major digestive health problem with a high and increasing incidence worldwide. Peroral endoscopic cardial constriction (PECC) was developed by our group to provide a less invasive treatment for GERD.In this preliminary follow-up study, 16 patients were enrolled and 13 patients with GERD were targeted for analysis according to the Los Angeles classification of reflux esophagitis. The GERD health-related quality of life (GERD-HRQL) scale and esophageal pH monitoring were applied to assess clinical efficiency at 3 and 6 months after PECC treatment, respectively.All GERD patients successively received PECC, and no severe treatment-related complication was reported. Before PECC treatment, the GERD-HRQL scale was 19.92 ± 7.89. At 3 and 6 months after treatment, the GERD-HRQL scale was 4.46 ± 4.31 and 5.69 ± 5.07, respectively. DeMeester score was 125.50 ± 89.64 before PECC treatment, and 16.97 ± 12.76 and 20.32 ± 15.22 at 3 and 6 months after PECC treatment. Furthermore, the fraction time of a pH below 4 significantly decreased at 3 and 6 months after PECC treatment. Fraction time at pH <4 was 35.55 ± 26.20 before PECC treatment and 7.96 ± 13.03 and 4.72 ± 3.78 at 3 and 6 months after PECC treatment, respectively. These results suggest that PECC treatment could significantly reduce the GERD-HRQL scale and DeMeester score (P < .01).PECC is a feasible, safe, and effective method to treatment GERD through narrowing the diameter of the cardia and preventing the reflux of stomach contents.

Although many studies in China have found that environmental or lifestyle factors are major contributors to the etiology of esophageal cancer, most of the patients in the above studies are in the middle and late stages, the early-stage patients account for a small proportion. To clarify the risk/protective factors contributing to early lesions, we conducted the present cross-sectional study.A total of 2925 healthy controls and 402 patients with esophageal precancerous lesions were included in our study by endoscopic examination. Information on risk/protective factors was collected by personal interview, and unconditional logistic regression was used to determine adjusted odds ratios (AORs) by the maximum-likelihood method.Smoking >20 pack-years (AOR = 1.48), duration of drinking >30 years (AOR = 1.40), alcohol consumption >100 mL/d (AOR = 1.44), gastroesophageal reflux disease (AOR = 1.75), esophagitis (AOR = 1.25), a family history of esophageal cancer (AOR = 1.92), or stomach cancer (AOR = 1.92) were significant risk factors for esophageal precancerous lesions. There was a negative correlation between abdominal obesity and early esophageal cancer and precancerous lesions (AOR = 0.75). In addition, we found that there was a synergistic effect between a family history of esophageal cancer and drinking (AOR = 3.00) and smoking (AOR = 2.90).Lifestyle risk factors, genetic factors, and upper gastrointestinal diseases are associated with the development of esophageal precancerous lesions. These results highlight the need for primary prevention to reduce the future burden of cancer and other chronic diseases in high-risk areas of rural China.

Persisting gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms affect mental state and social activities and mental disorders likewise play a crucial role on GERD symptoms. The aim of this study was to analyze the data of Symptom Checklist by 90-Revised (SCL-90-R) questionnaire in patients with persisting GERD symptom and to explore the impact of psychological factors on them.The patients accepted SCL-90-R questionnaire survey, following endoscopy, high-resolution manometry (HRM) and ambulatory impedance-pH monitoring. Based on these results, we divided patients into different groups. The result of SCL-90-R was also compared by degree of acid reflux, symptoms, symptom duration, and gender.The data from 438 patients were analyzed. All patients were divided into reflux esophagitis (RE) (63, 14.38%); nonerosive gastroesophageal disease (NERD) (106, 24.20%); functional heartburn (FH) (123, 28.08%), and hypersensitive esophagus (HE) (67, 15.29%); depression (DES) (5, 1.14%); hypertensive (10, 3.42%); weak peristalsis (14, 3.20%); achalasia (50, 11.42%). There were significant differences between varied groups judging by DEP, anxiety (ANX), paranoia ideation (PAR), psychoticism (PSY), and global severity index (GSI) domains (all P < .05). The patients with ≥2 years symptom duration presented more scores in DEP, ANX, and PSY (all P < .05). Compared to typical symptoms (n = 185), GERD typical plus atypical symptoms (n = 253) had higher scores of somatization (SOM), ANX, PSY and GSI (all P < .05). Women were found to have significantly higher scores than men in all domains (all P < .05).Our results find significant differences between varied patients with different diagnosis in DEP, ANX, PAR, PSY domains, and GSI. Long symptom duration, typical plus atypical symptoms, and female are more risky for psychological disorders.

The study's aim was to determine if there was an association between gastric morphology and gastroesophageal reflux (GER). Few published studies have investigated the relationship between gastric morphology and the risk of GER.A total of 777 patients were randomly selected from 3000 to 3300 patients who presented at a medical center in Taipei for annual health checkups from early 2008 through to late 2010 and underwent a series of radiographs of the upper gastrointestinal tract (UGI). GER was recorded during the real-time fluoroscopic study. Thirty-nine participants had a follow-up endoscopy, and another 164 participants were followed up by a second UGI series 12 +/ -1.5 months later, from late 2008 through to early 2022. All participants completed a lifestyle and symptom questionnaire. The variables included current smoking and alcohol consumption. Participants who had heartburn and dysphagia were included in the study. Additionally, all participants underwent a limited physical examination which recorded age, sex, body mass index, and total cholesterol and triglyceride levels.All participants were classified into types 1 to 6 based on the gastric morphology determined from the first UGI. Cascade stomach is recognized by characteristic findings on UGI. Gastric types 2 and 3 tend to appear as cascade stomachs and were significantly associated with GER (P < .05) compared with the other groups. Morphologic type 5 appeared as an elongated sac extending downward into the pelvic cavity and was less likely to develop GER (P < .001). The results of follow-up studies by UGI and endoscopy were similar to those of the first UGI. Gastric morphologic type 2 was significantly associated, and type 5 was usually not associated, with GER and erosive esophagitis (P < .05) compared with the other groups, by both UGI and endoscopy.Gastric morphologic types 2 and 3, with cascade stomach, might provide a relatively easy method for the development of the GER phenomenon. Gastric morphologic type 5 appeared as an elongated sac that might reduce the incidence of the GER phenomenon. The study suggested that gastric morphologic type could influence the occurrence of GER.