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Structural and mechanistic basis for protein glutamylation by the kinase fold.

Molecular cell | 2021

The kinase domain transfers phosphate from ATP to substrates. However, the Legionella effector SidJ adopts a kinase fold, yet catalyzes calmodulin (CaM)-dependent glutamylation to inactivate the SidE ubiquitin ligases. The structural and mechanistic basis in which the kinase domain catalyzes protein glutamylation is unknown. Here we present cryo-EM reconstructions of SidJ:CaM:SidE reaction intermediate complexes. We show that the kinase-like active site of SidJ adenylates an active-site Glu in SidE, resulting in the formation of a stable reaction intermediate complex. An insertion in the catalytic loop of the kinase domain positions the donor Glu near the acyl-adenylate for peptide bond formation. Our structural analysis led us to discover that the SidJ paralog SdjA is a glutamylase that differentially regulates the SidE ligases during Legionella infection. Our results uncover the structural and mechanistic basis in which the kinase fold catalyzes non-ribosomal amino acid ligations and reveal an unappreciated level of SidE-family regulation.

Pubmed ID: 34407442 RIS Download

Research resources used in this publication

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Antibodies used in this publication

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Associated grants

  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: DP2 GM137419
  • Agency: NHLBI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: F30 HL143859
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U24 GM129547

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


Pfam (tool)

RRID:SCR_004726

A database of protein families, each represented by multiple sequence alignments and hidden Markov models (HMMs). Users can analyze protein sequences for Pfam matches, view Pfam family annotation and alignments, see groups of related families, look at the domain organization of a protein sequence, find the domains on a PDB structure, and query Pfam by keywords. There are two components to Pfam: Pfam-A and Pfam-B. Pfam-A entries are high quality, manually curated families that may automatically generate a supplement using the ADDA database. These automatically generated entries are called Pfam-B. Although of lower quality, Pfam-B families can be useful for identifying functionally conserved regions when no Pfam-A entries are found. Pfam also generates higher-level groupings of related families, known as clans (collections of Pfam-A entries which are related by similarity of sequence, structure or profile-HMM).

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RRID:SCR_004870

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ESPript 2.2 (tool)

RRID:SCR_006587

A utility, whose output is a PostScript file of aligned sequences with graphical enhancements. Its main input is an ascii file of pre-aligned sequences. Optional files allow further rendering. The program calculates a similarity score for each residue of the aligned sequences. The output shows: * Secondary Structures * Aligned sequences * Similarities * Accessibility * Hydropathy * User-supplied markers * Intermolecular contacts In addition, similarity score can be written in the bfactor column of a pdb file, to enable direct display of highly conserved areas. You can run ESPript from this server with the HTML interface. It is configured for a maximum of 1,000 sequences. Links to webESPript * ENDscript: you can upload a PDB file or enter a PDB code such as 1M85. The programs DSSP and CNS are executed via the interface, so as to obtain an ESPript figure with a lot of structural information (secondary structure elements, intermolecular contacts). You can also find homologous sequences with a BLAST search, perform multiple sequence alignments with MULTALIN or CLUSTALW and create an image with BOBSCRIPT or MOLSCRIPT to show similarities on your 3D structure. * ProDom: you can enter a sequence identifier to find homologous domains, perform multiple sequence alignments with MULTALIN and click on the link to ESPript. * Predict Protein: you can receive a mail in text (do not use the HTML option when you submit your request in Predict Protein) with aligned sequences and numerous information including secondary structure prediction. Click on a special html link to upload your mail in ESPript. * NPS(at): you can execute the programs BLAST and CLUSTALW to obtain multiple alignments. You can predict secondary structure elements and click on the link to ESPript. This program started in the laboratory of Dr Richard Wade at the Institut de Biologie Structurale, Grenoble. It moved later to the Laboratory of Molecular Biophysics in Oxford, then to the Institut de Pharmacologie et de Biologie Structurale in Toulouse. It is now developed in the Laboratoire de BioCristallographie of Dr Richard Haser, Institut de Biologie et de Chimie des Prot��������ines, Lyon and in the Laboratoire de Biologie Mol��������culaire et de Relations Plantes-Organismes, group of Dr Daniel Kahn, Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique de Toulouse.

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WEBLOGO (tool)

RRID:SCR_010236

Web application to generate sequence logos, graphical representations of patterns within multiple sequence alignment. Designed to make generation of sequence logos easy. Sequence logo generator.

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MAFFT (tool)

RRID:SCR_011811

Software package as multiple alignment program for amino acid or nucleotide sequences. Can align up to 500 sequences or maximum file size of 1 MB. First version of MAFFT used algorithm based on progressive alignment, in which sequences were clustered with help of Fast Fourier Transform. Subsequent versions have added other algorithms and modes of operation, including options for faster alignment of large numbers of sequences, higher accuracy alignments, alignment of non-coding RNA sequences, and addition of new sequences to existing alignments.

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Phenix (tool)

RRID:SCR_014224

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RRID:CVCL_6910

Cell line HEK293-A is a Transformed cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)

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