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Drechmeria coniospora is an obligate fungal pathogen that infects nematodes via the adhesion of specialized spores to the host cuticle. D. coniospora is frequently found associated with Caenorhabditis elegans in environmental samples. It is used in the study of the nematode's response to fungal infection. Full understanding of this bi-partite interaction requires knowledge of the pathogen's genome, analysis of its gene expression program and a capacity for genetic engineering. The acquisition of all three is reported here. A phylogenetic analysis placed D. coniospora close to the truffle parasite Tolypocladium ophioglossoides, and Hirsutella minnesotensis, another nematophagous fungus. Ascomycete nematopathogenicity is polyphyletic; D. coniospora represents a branch that has not been molecularly characterized. A detailed in silico functional analysis, comparing D. coniospora to 11 fungal species, revealed genes and gene families potentially involved in virulence and showed it to be a highly specialized pathogen. A targeted comparison with nematophagous fungi highlighted D. coniospora-specific genes and a core set of genes associated with nematode parasitism. A comparative gene expression analysis of samples from fungal spores and mycelia, and infected C. elegans, gave a molecular view of the different stages of the D. coniospora lifecycle. Transformation of D. coniospora allowed targeted gene knock-out and the production of fungus that expresses fluorescent reporter genes. It also permitted the initial characterisation of a potential fungal counter-defensive strategy, involving interference with a host antimicrobial mechanism. This high-quality annotated genome for D. coniospora gives insights into the evolution and virulence of nematode-destroying fungi. Coupled with genetic transformation, it opens the way for molecular dissection of D. coniospora physiology, and will allow both sides of the interaction between D. coniospora and C. elegans, as well as the evolutionary arms race that exists between pathogen and host, to be studied.
Pubmed ID: 27153332 RIS Download
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Software tool that screens DNA sequences for interspersed repeats and low complexity DNA sequences. The output of the program is a detailed annotation of the repeats that are present in the query sequence as well as a modified version of the query sequence in which all the annotated repeats have been masked (default: replaced by Ns). Currently over 56% of human genomic sequence is identified and masked by the program. Sequence comparisons in RepeatMasker are performed by one of several popular search engines including nhmmer, cross_match, ABBlast/WUBlast, RMBlast and Decypher. RepeatMasker makes use of curated libraries of repeats and currently supports Dfam ( profile HMM library ) and RepBase ( consensus sequence library ).
View all literature mentionsA portal for bioinformatics analyses, including the following: alignment assembly database display genetics hmm information nucleic phylogeny protein sequence structure
View all literature mentionsSoftware package for functional analysis of sequences by classifying them into families and predicting presence of domains and sites. Scans sequences against InterPro's signatures. Characterizes nucleotide or protein function by matching it with models from several different databases. Used in large scale analysis of whole proteomes, genomes and metagenomes. Available as Web based version and standalone Perl version and SOAP Web Service.
View all literature mentionsDatabase that describes the families of structurally-related catalytic and carbohydrate-binding modules (or functional domains) of enzymes that degrade, modify, or create glycosidic bonds. This specialist database is dedicated to the display and analysis of genomic, structural and biochemical information on Carbohydrate-Active Enzymes (CAZymes). CAZy data are accessible either by browsing sequence-based families or by browsing the content of genomes in carbohydrate-active enzymes. New genomes are added regularly shortly after they appear in the daily releases of GenBank. New families are created based on published evidence for the activity of at least one member of the family and all families are regularly updated, both in content and in description. An original aspect of the CAZy database is its attempt to cover all carbohydrate-active enzymes across organisms and across subfields of glycosciences. One can search for CAZY Family pages using the Protein Accession (Genpept Accession, Uniprot Accession or PDB ID), Cazy family name or EC number. In addition, genomes can be searched using the NCBI TaxID. This search can be complemented by Google-based searches on the CAZy site.
View all literature mentionsCompendium of protein fingerprints. Diagnostic fingerprint database.
View all literature mentionsA database of protein families, each represented by multiple sequence alignments and hidden Markov models (HMMs). Users can analyze protein sequences for Pfam matches, view Pfam family annotation and alignments, see groups of related families, look at the domain organization of a protein sequence, find the domains on a PDB structure, and query Pfam by keywords. There are two components to Pfam: Pfam-A and Pfam-B. Pfam-A entries are high quality, manually curated families that may automatically generate a supplement using the ADDA database. These automatically generated entries are called Pfam-B. Although of lower quality, Pfam-B families can be useful for identifying functionally conserved regions when no Pfam-A entries are found. Pfam also generates higher-level groupings of related families, known as clans (collections of Pfam-A entries which are related by similarity of sequence, structure or profile-HMM).
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool for identification and annotation of genetically mobile domains and analysis of domain architectures.
View all literature mentionsA stand-alone software program for scaffolding pre-assembled contigs using paired-read data. Main features are: a short runtime, multiple library input of paired-end and/or mate pair datasets and possible contig extension with unmapped sequence reads.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 28,2023. Software Python package that provides infrastructure to process data from high-throughput sequencing assays. While the main purpose of HTSeq is to allow you to write your own analysis scripts, customized to your needs, there are also a couple of stand-alone scripts for common tasks that can be used without any Python knowledge.
View all literature mentionsA next-generation web-based application that aims to provide an integrated solution for both visualization and analysis of deep-sequencing data, along with simple access to public datasets.
View all literature mentionsComprehensive set of protein domain families automatically generated from UniProt Knowledge Database. Automated clustering of homologous domains generated from global comparison of all available protein sequences.
View all literature mentionsA large database of CATH protein domain assignments for ENSEMBL genomes and Uniprot sequences. Gene3D is a resource of form studying proteins and the component domains. Gene3D takes CATH domains from Protein Databank (PDB) structures and assigns them to the millions of protein sequences with no PDB structures using Hidden Markov models. Assigning a CATH superfamily to a region of a protein sequence gives information on the gross 3D structure of that region of the protein. CATH superfamilies have a limited set of functions and so the domain assignment provides some functional insights. Furthermore most proteins have several different domains in a specific order, so looking for proteins with a similar domain organization provides further functional insights. Strict confidence cut-offs are used to ensure the reliability of the domain assignments. Gene3D imports functional information from sources such as UNIPROT, and KEGG. They also import experimental datasets on request to help researchers integrate there data with the corpus of the literature. The website allows users to view descriptions for both single proteins and genes and large protein sets, such as superfamilies or genomes. Subsets can then be selected for detailed investigation or associated functions and interactions can be used to expand explorations to new proteins. The Gene3D web services provide programmatic access to the CATH-Gene3D annotation resources and in-house software tools. These services include Gene3DScan for identifying structural domains within protein sequences, access to pre-calculated annotations for the major sequence databases, and linked functional annotation from UniProt, GO and KEGG.
View all literature mentionsHAMAP is a system, based on manual protein annotation, that identifies and semi-automatically annotates proteins that are part of well-conserved families or subfamilies: the HAMAP families. HAMAP is based on manually created family rules and is applied to bacterial, archaeal and plastid-encoded proteins.
View all literature mentionsThe Rfam database is a collection of RNA families, each represented by multiple sequence alignments, consensus secondary structures and covariance models (CMs). The families in Rfam break down into three broad functional classes: Non-coding RNA genes, structured cis-regulatory elements and self-splicing RNAs. Typically these functional RNAs often have a conserved secondary structure which may be better preserved than the RNA sequence. The CMs used to describe each family are a slightly more complicated relative of the profile hidden Markov models (HMMs) used by Pfam. CMs can simultaneously model RNA sequence and the structure in an elegant and accurate fashion. Rfam is also available via FTP. You can find data in Rfam in various ways... * Analyze your RNA sequence for Rfam matches * View Rfam family annotation and alignments * View Rfam clan details * Query Rfam by keywords * Fetch families or sequences by NCBI taxonomy * Enter any type of accession or ID to jump to the page for a Rfam family, sequence or genome
View all literature mentionsSUPERFAMILY is a database of structural and functional protein annotations for all completely sequenced organisms. The SUPERFAMILY annotation is based on a collection of hidden Markov models, which represent structural protein domains at the SCOP superfamily level. A superfamily groups together domains which have an evolutionary relationship. The annotation is produced by scanning protein sequences from over 1,700 completely sequenced genomes against the hidden Markov models.
View all literature mentionsSoftware providing de novo, parallel, paired-end sequence assembler that is designed for short reads. ABySS 1.0 originally showed that assembling human genome using short 50 bp sequencing reads was possible by aggregating half terabyte of compute memory needed over several computers using standardized message passing system. ABySS 2.0 is Resource Efficient Assembly of Large Genomes using Bloom Filter. ABySS 2.0 departs from MPI and instead implements algorithms that employ Bloom filter, probabilistic data structure, to represent de Bruijn graph and reduce memory requirements.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 28,2023. Software package as de novo genomic assembler for short read sequencing technologies using de Bruijn graphs. Takes in short read sequences, removes errors, then produces high quality unique contigs, retrieves repeated areas between contigs. Can leverage very short reads in combination with read pairs to produce useful assemblies. Operating system Unix/Linux.
View all literature mentionsWeb server to search for tRNA genes in genomic sequence. If you would like to run tRNAscan-SE locally, you can get the UNIX source code (gzip''d tar file).
View all literature mentionsSoftware package as multiple alignment program for amino acid or nucleotide sequences. Can align up to 500 sequences or maximum file size of 1 MB. First version of MAFFT used algorithm based on progressive alignment, in which sequences were clustered with help of Fast Fourier Transform. Subsequent versions have added other algorithms and modes of operation, including options for faster alignment of large numbers of sequences, higher accuracy alignments, alignment of non-coding RNA sequences, and addition of new sequences to existing alignments.
View all literature mentionsSoftware for the efficient and robust de novo reconstruction of transcriptomes from RNA-seq data.
View all literature mentionsSoftware R package for multivariate analysis which takes into account different types of data structure. Data can be organized in groups of variable, groups of individuals, or into hierarchy of variables.
View all literature mentionsWeb phylogeny server based on the maximum-likelihood principle.
View all literature mentionsAlgorithm used to identify de novo repeat families in newly sequenced genomes. Repeat libraries for C. briggsae, M. muscles (X chromosome), R. novegicus (X chromosome), armadillo, H. sapiens (X chromosome), and various other mammals created using RepeatScout are available on the main site.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 24,2023. Software tool for de novo assembly of human genomes with massively parallel short read sequencing.Short-read assembly method that can build de novo draft assembly for human sized genomes.Software package for assembling short oligonucleotide into contigs and scaffolds.
View all literature mentionsWeb application for prediction of the presence and location of signal peptide cleavage sites in amino acid sequences from different organisms. The method incorporates a prediction of cleavage sites and a signal peptide/non-signal peptide prediction based on a combination of several artificial neural networks.
View all literature mentionsSystem that classifies genes by their functions, using published scientific experimental evidence and evolutionary relationships to predict function even in absence of direct experimental evidence. Orthologs view is curated orthology relationships between genes for human, mouse, rat, fish, worm, and fly.
View all literature mentionsSystem that classifies genes by their functions, using published scientific experimental evidence and evolutionary relationships to predict function even in absence of direct experimental evidence. Orthologs view is curated orthology relationships between genes for human, mouse, rat, fish, worm, and fly.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 24,2023. Software tool for de novo assembly of human genomes with massively parallel short read sequencing.Short-read assembly method that can build de novo draft assembly for human sized genomes.Software package for assembling short oligonucleotide into contigs and scaffolds.
View all literature mentionsWeb server to search for tRNA genes in genomic sequence. If you would like to run tRNAscan-SE locally, you can get the UNIX source code (gzip''d tar file).
View all literature mentionsThe SciCrunch Infrastructure was developed as a cooperative data platform to be used by diverse communities in making data more FAIR.
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