An infection represents a highly dynamic process involving complex biological responses of the host at many levels. To describe such processes at a global level, we recorded gene expression changes in mouse lungs after a non-lethal infection with influenza A virus over a period of 60 days. Global analysis of the large data set identified distinct phases of the host response. The increase in interferon genes and up-regulation of a defined NK-specific gene set revealed the initiation of the early innate immune response phase. Subsequently, infiltration and activation of T and B cells could be observed by an augmentation of T and B cell specific signature gene expression. The changes in B cell gene expression and preceding chemokine subsets were associated with the formation of bronchus-associated lymphoid tissue. In addition, we compared the gene expression profiles from wild type mice with Rag2 mutant mice. This analysis readily demonstrated that the deficiency in the T and B cell responses in Rag2 mutants could be detected by changes in the global gene expression patterns of the whole lung. In conclusion, our comprehensive gene expression study describes for the first time the entire host response and its kinetics to an acute influenza A infection at the transcriptome level.
Pubmed ID: 22815957 RIS Download
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Multi species reference database. Comprehensive plant biochemical pathway database, containing curated information from literature and computational analyses about genes, enzymes, compounds, reactions, and pathways involved in primary and secondary metabolism.
View all literature mentionsIntegrated database resource consisting of 16 main databases, broadly categorized into systems information, genomic information, and chemical information. In particular, gene catalogs in completely sequenced genomes are linked to higher-level systemic functions of cell, organism, and ecosystem. Analysis tools are also available. KEGG may be used as reference knowledge base for biological interpretation of large-scale datasets generated by sequencing and other high-throughput experimental technologies.
View all literature mentionsInternational functional genomics data collection generated from microarray or next-generation sequencing (NGS) platforms. Repository of functional genomics data supporting publications. Provides genes expression data for reuse to the research community where they can be queried and downloaded. Integrated with the Gene Expression Atlas and the sequence databases at the European Bioinformatics Institute. Contains a subset of curated and re-annotated Archive data which can be queried for individual gene expression under different biological conditions across experiments. Data collected to MIAME and MINSEQE standards. Data are submitted by users or are imported directly from the NCBI Gene Expression Omnibus.
View all literature mentionsMus musculus with name C57BL/6J from IMSR.
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