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AI-based discovery and cryoEM structural elucidation of a KATP channel pharmacochaperone.

Assmaa Elsheikh | Camden M Driggers | Ha H Truong | Zhongying Yang | John Allen | Niel M Henriksen | Katarzyna Walczewska-Szewc | Show-Ling Shyng
eLife | 2025

Pancreatic KATP channel trafficking defects underlie congenital hyperinsulinism (CHI) cases unresponsive to the KATP channel opener diazoxide, the mainstay medical therapy for CHI. Current clinically used KATP channel inhibitors have been shown to act as pharmacochaperones and restore surface expression of trafficking mutants; however, their therapeutic utility for KATP trafficking-impaired CHI is hindered by high affinity binding, which limits functional recovery of rescued channels. Recent structural studies of KATP channels employing cryo-electron microscopy (cryoEM) have revealed a promiscuous pocket where several known KATP pharmacochaperones bind. The structural knowledge provides a framework for discovering KATP channel pharmacochaperones with desired reversible inhibitory effects to permit functional recovery of rescued channels. Using an AI-based virtual screening technology AtomNet followed by functional validation, we identified a novel compound, termed Aekatperone, which exhibits chaperoning effects on KATP channel trafficking mutations. Aekatperone reversibly inhibits KATP channel activity with a half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) ~9 μM. Mutant channels rescued to the cell surface by Aekatperone showed functional recovery upon washout of the compound. CryoEM structure of KATP bound to Aekatperone revealed distinct binding features compared to known high affinity inhibitor pharmacochaperones. Our findings unveil a KATP pharmacochaperone enabling functional recovery of rescued channels as a promising therapeutic for CHI caused by KATP trafficking defects.

Pubmed ID: 40135739

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 GM145784
  • Agency: NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U24GM129547
  • Agency: Polish high-performance computing infrastructure PLGrid,
    Id: PLL/2023/04/016512
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01GM145784
  • Agency: Egyptian government predoctoral scholarship,
    Id: GM1109
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U24 GM129547

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