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A single biomarker is not adequate to identify patients with gastric cancer (GC) who have the potential to benefit from anti-PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, presumably owing to the complexity of the tumour microenvironment. The predictive value of tumour-infiltrating immune cells (TIICs) has not been definitively established with regard to their density and spatial organisation. Here, multiplex immunohistochemistry is used to quantify in situ biomarkers at sub-cellular resolution in 80 patients with GC. To predict the response to immunotherapy, we establish a multi-dimensional TIIC signature by considering the density of CD4+FoxP3-PD-L1+, CD8+PD-1-LAG3-, and CD68+STING+ cells and the spatial organisation of CD8+PD-1+LAG3- T cells. The TIIC signature enables prediction of the response of patients with GC to anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy and patient survival. Our findings demonstrate that a multi-dimensional TIIC signature may be relevant for the selection of patients who could benefit the most from anti-PD-1/PD-L1 immunotherapy.
Pubmed ID: 35982052
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Software repository for R packages related to analysis and comprehension of high throughput genomic data. Uses separate set of commands for installation of packages. Software project based on R programming language that provides tools for analysis and comprehension of high throughput genomic data.
View all literature mentionsSoftware Python package part of nonnegative matrix factorization NMF. Features various classification, regression and clustering algorithms including support vector machines, random forests, gradient boosting, k-means and DBSCAN, and is designed to interoperate with Python numerical and scientific libraries NumPy and SciPy.
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