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Targeted intracellular delivery of Cas13 and Cas9 nucleases using bacterial toxin-based platforms.

Songhai Tian | Yang Liu | Evan Appleton | Huan Wang | George M Church | Min Dong
Cell reports | 2022

Targeted delivery of therapeutic proteins toward specific cells and across cell membranes remains major challenges. Here, we develop protein-based delivery systems utilizing detoxified single-chain bacterial toxins such as diphtheria toxin (DT) and botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT)-like toxin, BoNT/X, as carriers. The system can deliver large protein cargoes including Cas13a, CasRx, Cas9, and Cre recombinase into cells in a receptor-dependent manner, although delivery of ribonucleoproteins containing guide RNAs is not successful. Delivery of Cas13a and CasRx, together with guide RNA expression, reduces mRNAs encoding GFP, SARS-CoV-2 fragments, and endogenous proteins PPIB, KRAS, and CXCR4 in multiple cell lines. Delivery of Cre recombinase modifies the reporter loci in cells. Delivery of Cas9, together with guide RNA expression, generates mutations at the targeted genomic sites in cell lines and induced pluripotent stem cell (iPSC)-derived human neurons. These findings establish modular delivery systems based on single-chain bacterial toxins for delivery of membrane-impermeable therapeutics into targeted cells.

Pubmed ID: 35263584

Associated grants

  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R21 NS106159
  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 NS080833
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI132387
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI139087
  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 NS117626
  • Agency: NICHD NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 HD018655
  • Agency: NIDDK NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 DK034854

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