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Genomic basis for drought resistance in European beech forests threatened by climate change.

Markus Pfenninger | Friederike Reuss | Angelika Kiebler | Philipp Schönnenbeck | Cosima Caliendo | Susanne Gerber | Berardino Cocchiararo | Sabrina Reuter | Nico Blüthgen | Karsten Mody | Bagdevi Mishra | Miklós Bálint | Marco Thines | Barbara Feldmeyer
eLife | 2021

In the course of global climate change, Central Europe is experiencing more frequent and prolonged periods of drought. The drought years 2018 and 2019 affected European beeches (Fagus sylvatica L.) differently: even in the same stand, drought-damaged trees neighboured healthy trees, suggesting that the genotype rather than the environment was responsible for this conspicuous pattern. We used this natural experiment to study the genomic basis of drought resistance with Pool-GWAS. Contrasting the extreme phenotypes identified 106 significantly associated single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) throughout the genome. Most annotated genes with associated SNPs (>70%) were previously implicated in the drought reaction of plants. Non-synonymous substitutions led either to a functional amino acid exchange or premature termination. An SNP assay with 70 loci allowed predicting drought phenotype in 98.6% of a validation sample of 92 trees. Drought resistance in European beech is a moderately polygenic trait that should respond well to natural selection, selective management, and breeding.

Pubmed ID: 34132196

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Publication data is provided by the National Library of Medicine ® and PubMed ®. Data is retrieved from PubMed ® on a weekly schedule. For terms and conditions see the National Library of Medicine Terms and Conditions.

This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


PLINK (tool)

RRID:SCR_001757

Open source whole genome association analysis toolset, designed to perform range of basic, large scale analyses in computationally efficient manner. Used for analysis of genotype/phenotype data. Through integration with gPLINK and Haploview, there is some support for subsequent visualization, annotation and storage of results. PLINK 1.9 is improved and second generation of the software.

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SAMTOOLS (tool)

RRID:SCR_002105

Original SAMTOOLS package has been split into three separate repositories including Samtools, BCFtools and HTSlib. Samtools for manipulating next generation sequencing data used for reading, writing, editing, indexing,viewing nucleotide alignments in SAM,BAM,CRAM format. BCFtools used for reading, writing BCF2,VCF, gVCF files and calling, filtering, summarising SNP and short indel sequence variants. HTSlib used for reading, writing high throughput sequencing data.

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PoPoolation (tool)

RRID:SCR_003495

A collection of tools to facilitate population genetic studies of next generation sequencing data from pooled individuals. It builds upon open source tools (bwa, samtools) and uses standard file formats (gtf, sam, pileup) to ensure a wide compatibility. PoPoolation allows to calculate Tajima's Pi, Watterson's Theta and Tajima's D for reference sequences using a sliding window approach. Alternatively these population genetic estimators may be calculated for a set of genes (provided as gtf). One of the main challenges in population genomics is to identify regions of intererest on a genome wide scale. PoPoolation will greatly aid this task by allowing a fast and user friendly analysis of NGS data from DNA pools.

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Picard (tool)

RRID:SCR_006525

Java toolset for working with next generation sequencing data in the BAM format.

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Canu (tool)

RRID:SCR_015880

Software for scalable and accurate long-read assembly via adaptive k-mer weighting and repeat separation. Canu is a fork of the Celera Assembler and is designed for high-noise single-molecule sequencing (such as the PacBio RS II/Sequel or Oxford Nanopore MinION).

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