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Biomarkers to predict risk of liver fibrosis in subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, a common risk factor for hepatocellular carcinoma, would allow for early preventive interventions. We sought to characterize bile acid profiles associated with liver fibrosis in subjects from the community-based Cameron County Hispanic Cohort, a population in South Texas with high rates of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, liver fibrosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Plasma bile acid levels were measured in 390 subjects. These subjects were screened with liver elastography, detecting significant liver fibrosis in 58 subjects and steatosis in 186 subjects. Unsupervised clustering of the bile acid profiles revealed five clusters that differed by liver fibrosis, liver steatosis, liver injury, age and gender, identifying these parameters as major determinants of circulating bile acid changes. Total bile acid levels were significantly higher in subjects with fibrosis, with chenodeoxycholic acid displaying the greatest increase among individual bile acids. The primary conjugated bile acids, glycocholic and glycochenodeoxycholic acids, displayed the strongest association with fibrosis by logistic regression. High lithocholic acid levels were strongly associated with advanced fibrosis. In contrast, deoxycholic acid and total unconjugated secondary bile acids were positively associated with steatosis, whereas relative glycoursodeoxycholic acid abundance was negatively associated. Milk and yogurt intake notably contributed to fibrosis-associated bile acid changes. In addition, multiple families within the Firmicutes phylum, Prevotellaceae, and Bacteroides species in stool significantly correlated with fibrosis-associated and steatosis-associated bile acid parameters, suggesting that the gut microbiome contributes to bile acid changes in the context of liver disease. Conclusion: Circulating bile acid levels were markedly but differently changed in liver fibrosis and steatosis in a high-risk Mexican-American population.
Pubmed ID: 32258950
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High quality ribosomal RNA databases providing comprehensive, quality checked and regularly updated datasets of aligned small (16S/18S, SSU) and large subunit (23S/28S, LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequences for all three domains of life (Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya). Supplementary services include a rRNA gene aligner, online tools for probe and primer evaluation and optimized browsing, searching and downloading on the website. The extensively curated SILVA taxonomy and the new non-redundant SILVA datasets provide an ideal reference for high-throughput classification of data from next-generation sequencing approaches. Alignment tool, SINA, is available for download as well as available for use online.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 23,2023.Software package for comparison and analysis of microbial communities, primarily based on high-throughput amplicon sequencing data, but also supporting analysis of other types of data. QIMME analyzes and transforms raw sequencing data generated on Illumina or other platforms to publication quality graphics and statistics.
View all literature mentionsA commercial organization which provides assay technologies to isolate DNA, RNA, and proteins from any biological sample. Assay technologies are then used to make specific target biomolecules, such as the DNA of a specific virus, visible for subsequent analysis.
View all literature mentionsAn open-source software package for describing and comparing microbial communities. It incorporates the functionality of a number of computational tools, calculators, and visualization tools.
View all literature mentionsOrdination methods, diversity analysis and other functions for community and vegetation ecologists.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented Setember 8, 2016. A suite of tools for the comparison of microbial communities using phylogenetic information. It takes as input a single phylogenetic tree that contains sequences derived from at least two different environmental samples and a file describing which sequences came from which sample.
View all literature mentionsSoftware versatile open source tool for metagenomics. Used for processing and preparing metagenomics, genomics and population genomics nucleotide sequence data.
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