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A gut bacterial amyloid promotes α-synuclein aggregation and motor impairment in mice.

Timothy R Sampson | Collin Challis | Neha Jain | Anastasiya Moiseyenko | Mark S Ladinsky | Gauri G Shastri | Taren Thron | Brittany D Needham | Istvan Horvath | Justine W Debelius | Stefan Janssen | Rob Knight | Pernilla Wittung-Stafshede | Viviana Gradinaru | Matthew Chapman | Sarkis K Mazmanian
eLife | 2020

Amyloids are a class of protein with unique self-aggregation properties, and their aberrant accumulation can lead to cellular dysfunctions associated with neurodegenerative diseases. While genetic and environmental factors can influence amyloid formation, molecular triggers and/or facilitators are not well defined. Growing evidence suggests that non-identical amyloid proteins may accelerate reciprocal amyloid aggregation in a prion-like fashion. While humans encode ~30 amyloidogenic proteins, the gut microbiome also produces functional amyloids. For example, curli are cell surface amyloid proteins abundantly expressed by certain gut bacteria. In mice overexpressing the human amyloid α-synuclein (αSyn), we reveal that colonization with curli-producing Escherichia coli promotes αSyn pathology in the gut and the brain. Curli expression is required for E. coli to exacerbate αSyn-induced behavioral deficits, including intestinal and motor impairments. Purified curli subunits accelerate αSyn aggregation in biochemical assays, while oral treatment of mice with a gut-restricted amyloid inhibitor prevents curli-mediated acceleration of pathology and behavioral abnormalities. We propose that exposure to microbial amyloids in the gastrointestinal tract can accelerate αSyn aggregation and disease in the gut and the brain.

Pubmed ID: 32043464

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 GM118651
  • Agency: NIA NIH HHS, United States
    Id: AG054101
  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: NS085910

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