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Evidence indicates that in utero environmental exposures could influence reproduction in female offspring. Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic, ubiquitous endocrine disrupting chemicals that can cross the placental barrier. Lower levels of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a biomarker of ovarian reserve, are associated with reduced fertility. We investigated the association between in utero PFAS exposure and AMH levels in female adolescents using data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children, a British pregnancy cohort recruited between 1991 and 1992. Maternal serum samples were collected during pregnancy and analyzed for concentrations of commonly found PFAS-perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorohexane sulfonate (PFHxS), and perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA). AMH levels were measured in serum of female offspring (mean age, 15.4 years) and log-transformed for analyses. We used a sample of 446 mother-daughter dyads for multivariable linear regression analyses, controlling for maternal age at delivery, pre-pregnancy body-mass index, and maternal education. Multiple imputation was utilized to impute missing values of AMH (61.2%) and covariates. Median PFAS concentrations (ng/mL) were as follows: PFOS 19.8 (IQR:15.1, 24.9), PFOA 3.7 (IQR: 2.8, 4.8), PFHxS 1.6 (IQR: 1.2, 2.2), PFNA 0.5 (IQR: 0.4, 0.7). The geometric mean AMH concentration was 3.9 ng/mL (95% CI: 3.8, 4.0). After controlling for confounders, mean differences in AMH per one ng/mL higher PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, and PFNA were 3.6% (95% CI: 1.4%, 8.6%), 0.7% (95% CI: 0.2%, 1.5%), 0.9% (95% CI: 0.4%, 2.2%), and 12.0% (95% CI: 42.8%, 66.8%) respectively. These findings suggest there is no association between in utero PFAS exposure and AMH levels in female adolescents.
Pubmed ID: 31376627
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A long-term health research project which follows pregnant women and their offspring in a continuous health and developmental study. More than 14,000 mothers enrolled during pregnancy in 1991 and 1992, and the health and development of their children has been followed in great detail. The ALSPAC families have provided a vast amount of genetic and environmental information over the years which can be made available to researchers globally.
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