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Nonparametric expression analysis using inferential replicate counts.

Anqi Zhu | Avi Srivastava | Joseph G Ibrahim | Rob Patro | Michael I Love
Nucleic acids research | 2019

A primary challenge in the analysis of RNA-seq data is to identify differentially expressed genes or transcripts while controlling for technical biases. Ideally, a statistical testing procedure should incorporate the inherent uncertainty of the abundance estimates arising from the quantification step. Most popular methods for RNA-seq differential expression analysis fit a parametric model to the counts for each gene or transcript, and a subset of methods can incorporate uncertainty. Previous work has shown that nonparametric models for RNA-seq differential expression may have better control of the false discovery rate, and adapt well to new data types without requiring reformulation of a parametric model. Existing nonparametric models do not take into account inferential uncertainty, leading to an inflated false discovery rate, in particular at the transcript level. We propose a nonparametric model for differential expression analysis using inferential replicate counts, extending the existing SAMseq method to account for inferential uncertainty. We compare our method, Swish, with popular differential expression analysis methods. Swish has improved control of the false discovery rate, in particular for transcripts with high inferential uncertainty. We apply Swish to a single-cell RNA-seq dataset, assessing differential expression between sub-populations of cells, and compare its performance to the Wilcoxon test.

Pubmed ID: 31372651

Research resources used in this publication

None found

Antibodies used in this publication

None found

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIEHS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 ES010126
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 HG009937
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 GM070335
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P01 CA142538
  • Agency: NIMH NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 MH118349

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


Ensembl (tool)

RRID:SCR_002344

Collection of genome databases for vertebrates and other eukaryotic species with DNA and protein sequence search capabilities. Used to automatically annotate genome, integrate this annotation with other available biological data and make data publicly available via web. Ensembl tools include BLAST, BLAT, BioMart and the Variant Effect Predictor (VEP) for all supported species.

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EBSeq (tool)

RRID:SCR_003526

Software R package for RNA-Seq Differential Expression Analysis.

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Bioconductor (tool)

RRID:SCR_006442

Software repository for R packages related to analysis and comprehension of high throughput genomic data. Uses separate set of commands for installation of packages. Software project based on R programming language that provides tools for analysis and comprehension of high throughput genomic data.

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LIMMA (tool)

RRID:SCR_010943

Software package for the analysis of gene expression microarray data, especially the use of linear models for analyzing designed experiments and the assessment of differential expression.

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SAM (tool)

RRID:SCR_011888

Software for genomic expression data mining using a statistical technique for finding significant genes in a set of microarray experiments.

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DESeq2 (tool)

RRID:SCR_015687

Software package for differential gene expression analysis based on the negative binomial distribution. Used for analyzing RNA-seq data for differential analysis of count data, using shrinkage estimation for dispersions and fold changes to improve stability and interpretability of estimates.

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SAM (tool)

RRID:SCR_010951

Software for genomic expression data mining using a statistical technique for finding significant genes in a set of microarray experiments.

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