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The role of Pitx2 and Pitx3 in muscle stem cells gives new insights into P38α MAP kinase and redox regulation of muscle regeneration.

Aurore L'honoré | Pierre-Henri Commère | Elisa Negroni | Giorgia Pallafacchina | Bertrand Friguet | Jacques Drouin | Margaret Buckingham | Didier Montarras
eLife | 2018

Skeletal muscle regeneration depends on satellite cells. After injury these muscle stem cells exit quiescence, proliferate and differentiate to regenerate damaged fibres. We show that this progression is accompanied by metabolic changes leading to increased production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). Using Pitx2/3 single and double mutant mice that provide genetic models of deregulated redox states, we demonstrate that moderate overproduction of ROS results in premature differentiation of satellite cells while high levels lead to their senescence and regenerative failure. Using the ROS scavenger, N-Acetyl-Cysteine (NAC), in primary cultures we show that a physiological increase in ROS is required for satellite cells to exit the cell cycle and initiate differentiation through the redox activation of p38α MAP kinase. Subjecting cultured satellite cells to transient inhibition of P38α MAP kinase in conjunction with NAC treatment leads to their rapid expansion, with striking improvement of their regenerative potential in grafting experiments.

Pubmed ID: 30106373

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Associated grants

  • Agency: Seventh Framework Programme, International
    Id: Marie Curie IRG 248496
  • Agency: Fondation pour la Recherche Médicale, International
    Id: Postdoc Fellowship
  • Agency: Agence Nationale de la Recherche, International
    Id: REGSAT
  • Agency: Agence Nationale de la Recherche, International
    Id: ANR-10-LABX-73
  • Agency: Seventh Framework Programme, International
    Id: OptiStem 223098
  • Agency: AFM-Téléthon, International
    Id: Postdoc Fellowship

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