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Aged population is increasing worldwide due to the aging process that is inevitable. Accordingly, longevity and healthy aging have been spotlighted to promote social contribution of aged population. Many studies in the past few decades have reported the process of aging and longevity, emphasizing the importance of maintaining genomic stability in exceptionally long-lived population. Underlying reason of longevity remains unclear due to its complexity involving multiple factors. With advances in sequencing technology and human genome-associated approaches, studies based on population-based genomic studies are increasing. In this review, we summarize recent longevity and healthy aging studies of human population focusing on DNA repair as a major factor in maintaining genome integrity. To keep pace with recent growth in genomic research, aging- and longevity-associated genomic databases are also briefly introduced. To suggest novel approaches to investigate longevity-associated genetic variants related to DNA repair using genomic databases, gene set analysis was conducted, focusing on DNA repair- and longevity-associated genes. Their biological networks were additionally analyzed to grasp major factors containing genetic variants of human longevity and healthy aging in DNA repair mechanisms. In summary, this review emphasizes DNA repair activity in human longevity and suggests approach to conduct DNA repair-associated genomic study on human healthy aging.
Pubmed ID: 29854078
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Collection of databases and tools designed to help researchers study the genetics of human ageing using modern approaches such as functional genomics, network analyses, systems biology and evolutionary analyses. A major resource in HAGR is GenAge, which includes a curated database of genes related to human aging and a database of ageing- and longevity-associated genes in model organisms. Another major database in HAGR is AnAge. Featuring over 4,000 species, AnAge provides a compilation of data on aging, longevity, and life history that is ideal for the comparative biology of aging. GenDR is a database of genes associated with dietary restriction based on genetic manipulation experiments and gene expression profiling. Other projects include evolutionary studies, genome sequencing, cancer genomics, and gene expression analyses. The latter allowed them to identify a set of genes commonly altered during mammalian aging which represents a conserved molecular signature of aging. Software, namely in the form of scripts for Perl and SPSS, is made available for users to perform a variety of bioinformatic analyses potentially relevant for studying aging. The Perl toolkit, entitled the Ageing Research Computational Tools (ARCT), provides modules for parsing files, data-mining, searching and downloading data from the Internet, etc. Also available is an SPSS script that can be used to determine the demographic rate of aging for a given population. An extensive list of links regarding computational biology, genomics, gerontology, and comparative biology is also available.
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