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In mammalian cells, de novo glycerolipid synthesis begins with the acylation of glycerol-3-phosphate, catalyzed by glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferases (GPAT). GPAT2 is a mitochondrial isoform primarily expressed in testis under physiological conditions, and overexpressed in several types of cancers and cancer-derived human cell lines where its expression contributes to the tumor phenotype. Using gene silencing and atomic force microscopy, we studied the correlation between GPAT2 expression and cell surface topography, roughness and membrane permeability in MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, we analyzed the glycerolipid composition by gas-liquid chromatography. GPAT2 expression altered the arachidonic acid content in glycerolipids, and the lack of GPAT2 seems to be partially compensated by the overexpression of another arachidonic-acid-metabolizing enzyme, AGPAT11. GPAT2 expressing cells exhibited a rougher topography and less membrane damage than GPAT2 silenced cells. Pore-like structures were present only in GPAT2 subexpressing cells, correlating with higher membrane damage evidenced by lactate dehydrogenase release. These GPAT2-induced changes are consistent with its proposed function as a tumor-promoting gene, and might be used as a phenotypic differentiation marker. AFM provides the basis for the identification and quantification of those changes, and demonstrates the utility of this technique in the study of cancer cell biology.
Pubmed ID: 29211789
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View all literature mentionsA database of information about each Cancer-Testis (CT) gene, its gene products and the immune response induced in cancer patients by these proteins. CT antigens are proteins normally expressed only in the human germ line but that are also present in a significant subset of malignant tumors. The practical importance of these proteins is that due to their restricted expression pattern they are frequently recognized by the immune system of cancer patients. Moreover, this antigenicity has raised the possibility of their being used as vaccines to actively stimulate immune responses in order to combat tumor growth. As a result worldwide research into many aspects of CT antigens is rapidly growing prompting the construction of this database as a resource for investigators involved in this area.
View all literature mentionsCell line MDA-MB-231 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line MDA-MB-231 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
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