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Apicomplexan parasites contain a conserved protein CelTOS that, in malaria parasites, is essential for traversal of cells within the mammalian host and arthropod vector. However, the molecular role of CelTOS is unknown because it lacks sequence similarity to proteins of known function. Here, we determined the crystal structure of CelTOS and discovered CelTOS resembles proteins that bind to and disrupt membranes. In contrast to known membrane disruptors, CelTOS has a distinct architecture, specifically binds phosphatidic acid commonly present within the inner leaflet of plasma membranes, and potently disrupts liposomes composed of phosphatidic acid by forming pores. Microinjection of CelTOS into cells resulted in observable membrane damage. Therefore, CelTOS is unique as it achieves nearly universal inner leaflet cellular activity to enable the exit of parasites from cells during traversal. By providing novel molecular insight into cell traversal by apicomplexan parasites, our work facilitates the design of therapeutics against global pathogens.
Pubmed ID: 27906127
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A commercial antibody supplier and provider of various services.
View all literature mentionsGlobal nonprofit biological resource center (BRC) and research organization that provides biological products, technical services and educational programs to private industry, government and academic organizations. Its mission is to acquire, authenticate, preserve, develop and distribute biological materials, information, technology, intellectual property and standards for the advancement and application of scientific knowledge. The primary purpose of ATCC is to use its resources and experience as a BRC to become the world leader in standard biological reference materials management, intellectual property resource management and translational research as applied to biomaterial development, standardization and certification. ATCC characterizes cell lines, bacteria, viruses, fungi and protozoa, as well as develops and evaluates assays and techniques for validating research resources and preserving and distributing biological materials to the public and private sector research communities.
View all literature mentionsTHIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented on January 19, 2022. Command line version of multiple sequence alignment program Clustal for DNA or proteins. Alignment is progressive and considers sequence redundancy. No longer being maintained. Please consider using Clustal Omega instead which accepts nucleic acid or protein sequences in multiple sequence formats NBRF/PIR, EMBL/UniProt, Pearson (FASTA), GDE, ALN/ClustalW, GCG/MSF, RSF.
View all literature mentionsA structure-validation web application which provides an expert-system consultation about the accuracy of a macromolecular structure model, diagnosing local problems and enabling their correction. MolProbity works best as an active validation tool (used as soon as a model is available and during each rebuild/refine loop) and when used for protein and RNA crystal structures, but it may also work well for DNA, ligands and NMR ensembles. It produces coordinates, graphics, and numerical evaluations that integrate with either manual or automated use in systems such as PHENIX, KiNG, or Coot.
View all literature mentionsPortal for Macromolecular X-Ray Crystallography to produce and support an integrated suite of programs that allows researchers to determine macromolecular structures by X-ray crystallography, and other biophysical techniques. Used in the education and training of scientists in experimental structural biology for determination and analysis of protein structure.
View all literature mentionsNetwork service for comparing protein structures in 3D. You submit the coordinates of a query protein structure and Dali compares them against those in the Protein Data Bank (PDB). You receive an email notification when the search has finished. In favourable cases, comparing 3D structures may reveal biologically interesting similarities that are not detectable by comparing sequences. Requests can also be submitted by e-mail to dali-server at helsinki dot fi. The body of the e-mail message must contain atomic coordinates in PDB format. If you want to know the structural neighbours of a protein already in the Protein Data Bank (PDB), you can find them in the Dali Database. If you want to superimpose two particular structures, you can do it in the pairwise DaliLite server. Academic users may download the DaliLite program for local use.
View all literature mentionsCell line RAW 264.7 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus
View all literature mentionsCell line RAW 264.7 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus
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