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Sterol traffic between the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and plasma membrane (PM) is a fundamental cellular process that occurs by a poorly understood non-vesicular mechanism. We identified a novel, evolutionarily diverse family of ER membrane proteins with StART-like lipid transfer domains and studied them in yeast. StART-like domains from Ysp2p and its paralog Lam4p specifically bind sterols, and Ysp2p, Lam4p and their homologs Ysp1p and Sip3p target punctate ER-PM contact sites distinct from those occupied by known ER-PM tethers. The activity of Ysp2p, reflected in amphotericin-sensitivity assays, requires its second StART-like domain to be positioned so that it can reach across ER-PM contacts. Absence of Ysp2p, Ysp1p or Sip3p reduces the rate at which exogenously supplied sterols traffic from the PM to the ER. Our data suggest that these StART-like proteins act in trans to mediate a step in sterol exchange between the PM and ER.
Pubmed ID: 26001273
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A web server dedicated to the reconstruction of phylogenetic trees, reticulation networks and to the inference of horizontal gene transfer (HGT) events.
View all literature mentionsA platform that integrates a great variety of tools for protein sequence analysis. Many tools are developed in-house, and serveral public tools are offered with extended functionality. Most frequently used tools HHpred Sensitive protein homology detection and structure prediction by HMM-HMM-comparison. Starting from a query sequence, HHpred builds a multiple sequence alignment using HHblits and turns it into a profile HMM. This is then compared it with a database of HMMs representing proteins with known structure (e.g. PDB, SCOP) or annotated protein families (e.g. PFAM, SMART, CDD, COGs, KOGs). The output is a list of closest homologs with alignments. HHpred can also build 3d homology models using the identified templates in the PDB database. It can optimize template picking and query-template alignments for homology modeling. The HHblits software is part of the open source package HHsuite. HHblits Remote homology detection method based on iterative HMM-HMM comparison. HHblits can build high-quality MSAs starting from single sequences or from MSAs. It transforms these into a query HMM and iteratively searches through uniprot20 or nr20 databases by adding significantly similar sequences from the previous search to the updated query HMM for the next search iteration. Compared to PSI-BLAST, HHblits is faster, up to twice as sensitive and produces more accurate alignments. The HHblits software is part of the open source package HHsuite. Quick2d Quick2D gives you an overview of secondary structure features like alpha-helices, extended beta-sheets, coiled coils, transmembrane helices and disorder regions. Predictions by PSIPRED, JNET, Prof(Rost), Prof(Ouali), Coils, MEMSAT2, HMMTOP, DISOPRED2 and VSL2. Modeller A Program for Comparative Protein Structure Modelling by Satisfaction of Spatial Restraints. Coils/PCoils This server compares a single sequence (COILS) or a sequence alignment (PCOILS) to a database of known coiled-coils and derives a similarity score. The program then calculates the probability that the sequence will adopt a coiled-coil conformation. PSI-Blast Search with an amino acid sequence against protein databases for locally similar sequences. Similar to ProteinBLAST but more sensitive. PSI-BLAST first performs a BLAST search and builds an alignment from the best local hits. This alignment is then used as a query for the next round of search. After each successive round the search alignment is updated.
View all literature mentionsA free program for multiple sequence alignment editing, visualisation and analysis that is available in two forms: a lightweight Java applet for use in web applications, and a powerful desktop application that employs web services for sequence alignment, secondary structure prediction and the retrieval of alignments, sequences, annotation and structures from public databases and any DAS 1.53 compliant sequence or annotation server. Use it to view and edit sequence alignments, analyse them with phylogenetic trees and principal components analysis (PCA) plots and explore molecular structures and annotation. Jalview has built in DNA, RNA and protein sequence and structure visualisation and analysis capabilities. It uses Jmol to view 3D structures, and VARNA to display RNA secondary structure.
View all literature mentionsWeb phylogeny server based on the maximum-likelihood principle.
View all literature mentionsCell line HL-60 is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
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