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MicroRNAs regulate tight junction proteins and modulate epithelial/endothelial barrier functions.

Christoph Cichon | Harshana Sabharwal | Christian Rüter | M Alexander Schmidt
Tissue barriers | 2014

Tightly controlled epithelial and endothelial barriers are a prerequisite for life as these barriers separate multicellular organisms from their environment and serve as first lines of defense. Barriers between neighboring epithelial cells are formed by multiple intercellular junctions including the 'apical junctional complex-AJC' with tight junctions (TJ), adherens junctions (AJ), and desmosomes. TJ consist of tetraspan transmembrane proteins like occludin, various claudins that directly control paracellular permeability, and the 'Junctional Adhesion Molecules' (JAMs). For establishing tight barriers TJ are essential but at the same time have to allow also selective permeability. For this, TJ need to be tightly regulated and controlled. This is organized by a variety of adaptor molecules, i.e., protein kinases, phosphatases and GTPases, which in turn are regulated and fine-tuned involving microRNAs (miRNAs). In this review we summarize available data on the role and targeting of miRNAs in the maintenance of epithelial and/or endothelial barriers.

Pubmed ID: 25610754

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TargetScan (tool)

RRID:SCR_010845

Web tool to predict biological targets of miRNAs by searching for presence of conserved 8mer, 7mer and 6mer sites that match seed region of each miRNA. Nonconserved sites are also predicted and sites with mismatches in seed region that are compensated by conserved 3' pairing. Used to search for predicted microRNA targets in mammals.

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MicroCosm Targets (tool)

RRID:SCR_010846

Database of computationally predicted targets for microRNAs across many species.

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