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Evolution of new genotype of West Nile virus in North America.

Allison R McMullen | Fiona J May | Li Li | Hilda Guzman | Rudy Bueno | James A Dennett | Robert B Tesh | Alan D T Barrett
Emerging infectious diseases | 2011

Previous studies of North American isolates of West Nile virus (WNV) during 1999-2005 suggested that the virus had reached genetic homeostasis in North America. However, genomic sequencing of WNV isolates from Harris County, Texas, during 2002-2009 suggests that this is not the case. Three new genetic groups have been identified in Texas since 2005. Spread of the southwestern US genotype (SW/WN03) from the Arizona/Colorado/northern Mexico region to California, Illinois, New Mexico, New York, North Dakota, and the Texas Gulf Coast demonstrates continued evolution of WNV. Thus, WNV continues to evolve in North America, as demonstrated by selection of this new genotype. Continued surveillance of the virus is essential as it continues to evolve in the New World.

Pubmed ID: 21529385

Research resources used in this publication

None found

Antibodies used in this publication

None found

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: N01AI30027
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: N01AI25489
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: AI 067847
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: AI 07526
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: HHSN272201000040I
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 AI007526
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: N01-AI25489
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI067847

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PHYLIP (tool)

RRID:SCR_006244

A free package of software programs for inferring phylogenies (evolutionary trees). The source code is distributed (in C), and executables are also distributed. In particular, already-compiled executables are available for Windows (95/98/NT/2000/me/xp/Vista), Mac OS X, and Linux systems. Older executables are also available for Mac OS 8 or 9 systems.

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PhyML (tool)

RRID:SCR_014629

Web phylogeny server based on the maximum-likelihood principle.

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PAUP (tool)

RRID:SCR_014931

Software which creates phylogenetic trees from molecular, morphological and/or behavioral data through high speed computer analysis.

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SeaView (tool)

RRID:SCR_015059

Graphical user interface for multiple sequence alignment and molecular phylogeny. SeaView also generates phylogenetic trees.

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Vero (tool)

RRID:CVCL_0059

Cell line Vero is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Chlorocebus sabaeus

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