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The SUPERFAMILY database provides protein domain assignments, at the SCOP 'superfamily' level, for the predicted protein sequences in over 400 completed genomes. A superfamily groups together domains of different families which have a common evolutionary ancestor based on structural, functional and sequence data. SUPERFAMILY domain assignments are generated using an expert curated set of profile hidden Markov models. All models and structural assignments are available for browsing and download from http://supfam.org. The web interface includes services such as domain architectures and alignment details for all protein assignments, searchable domain combinations, domain occurrence network visualization, detection of over- or under-represented superfamilies for a given genome by comparison with other genomes, assignment of manually submitted sequences and keyword searches. In this update we describe the SUPERFAMILY database and outline two major developments: (i) incorporation of family level assignments and (ii) a superfamily-level functional annotation. The SUPERFAMILY database can be used for general protein evolution and superfamily-specific studies, genomic annotation, and structural genomics target suggestion and assessment.
Pubmed ID: 17098927
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The Distributed Annotation System (DAS) defines a communication protocol used to exchange annotations on genomic or protein sequences. It is motivated by the idea that such annotations should not be provided by single centralized databases, but should instead be spread over multiple sites. Data distribution, performed by DAS servers, is separated from visualization, which is done by DAS clients. The advantages of this system are that control over the data is retained by data providers, data is freed from the constraints of specific organisations and the normal issues of release cycles, API updates and data duplication are avoided. DAS is a client-server system in which a single client integrates information from multiple servers. It allows a single machine to gather up sequence annotation information from multiple distant web sites, collate the information, and display it to the user in a single view. Little coordination is needed among the various information providers. DAS is heavily used in the genome bioinformatics community. Over the last years we have also seen growing acceptance in the protein sequence and structure communities. A DAS-enabled website or application can aggregate complex and high-volume data from external providers in an efficient manner. For the biologist, this means the ability to plug in the latest data, possibly including a user''s own data. For the application developer, this means protection from data format changes and the ability to add new data with minimal development cost. Here are some examples of DAS-enabled applications or websites for end users: :- Dalliance Experimental Web/Javascript based Genome Viewer :- IGV Integrative Genome Viewer java based browser for many genomes :- Ensembl uses DAS to pull in genomic, gene and protein annotations. It also provides data via DAS. :- Gbrowse is a generic genome browser, and is both a consumer and provider of DAS. :- IGB is a desktop application for viewing genomic data. :- SPICE is an application for projecting protein annotations onto 3D structures. :- Dasty2 is a web-based viewer for protein annotations :- Jalview is a multiple alignment editor. :- PeppeR is a graphical viewer for 3D electron microscopy data. :- DASMI is an integration portal for protein interaction data. :- DASher is a Java-based viewer for protein annotations. :- EpiC presents structure-function summaries for antibody design. :- STRAP is a STRucture-based sequence Alignment Program. Hundreds of DAS servers are currently running worldwide, including those provided by the European Bioinformatics Institute, Ensembl, the Sanger Institute, UCSC, WormBase, FlyBase, TIGR, and UniProt. For a listing of all available DAS sources please visit the DasRegistry. Sponsors: The initial ideas for DAS were developed in conversations with LaDeana Hillier of the Washington University Genome Sequencing Center.
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