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http://www.ambystoma.org/

Portal that supports Ambystoma-related research and educational efforts. It is composed of several resources: Salamander Genome Project, Ambystoma EST Database, Ambystoma Gene Collection, Ambystoma Map and Marker Collection, Ambystoma Genetic Stock Center, and Ambystoma Research Coordination Network.

Proper citation: Sal-Site (RRID:SCR_002850) Copy   

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http://www.broadinstitute.org/cancer/software/genepattern

A powerful genomic analysis platform that provides access to hundreds of tools for gene expression analysis, proteomics, SNP analysis, flow cytometry, RNA-seq analysis, and common data processing tasks. A web-based interface provides easy access to these tools and allows the creation of multi-step analysis pipelines that enable reproducible in silico research.

Proper citation: GenePattern (RRID:SCR_003201) Copy   

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http://www.loni.usc.edu/BIRN/Projects/Mouse/

Animal model data primarily focused on mice including high resolution MRI, light and electron microscopic data from normal and genetically modified mice. It also has atlases, and the Mouse BIRN Atlasing Toolkit (MBAT) which provides a 3D visual interface to spatially registered distributed brain data acquired across scales. The goal of the Mouse BIRN is to help scientists utilize model organism databases for analyzing experimental data. Mouse BIRN has ended. The next phase of this project is the Mouse Connectome Project (https://www.nitrc.org/projects/mcp/). The Mouse BIRN testbeds initially focused on mouse models of neurodegenerative diseases. Mouse BIRN testbed partners provide multi-modal, multi-scale reference image data of the mouse brain as well as genetic and genomic information linking genotype and brain phenotype. Researchers across six groups are pooling and analyzing multi-scale structural and functional data and integrating it with genomic and gene expression data acquired from the mouse brain. These correlated multi-scale analyses of data are providing a comprehensive basis upon which to interpret signals from the whole brain relative to the tissue and cellular alterations characteristic of the modeled disorder. BIRN's infrastructure is providing the collaborative tools to enable researchers with unique expertise and knowledge of the mouse an opportunity to work together on research relevant to pre-clinical mouse models of neurological disease. The Mouse BIRN also maintains a collaborative Web Wiki, which contains announcements, an FAQ, and much more.

Proper citation: Mouse Biomedical Informatics Research Network (RRID:SCR_003392) Copy   

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https://www.med.unc.edu/pgc/

Consortium conducting meta-analyses of genome-wide genetic data for psychiatric disease. Focused on autism, attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia, anorexia nervosa (AN), Tourette syndrome (TS), and obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Used to investigate common single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) genotyped on commercial arrays, structural variation (copy number variation) and uncommon or rare genetic variation. To participate you are asked to upload data from your study to central computer used by this consortium. Genetic Cluster Computer serves as data warehouse and analytical platform for this study . When data from your study have been incorporated, account will be provided on central server and access to all GWAS genotypes, phenotypes, and meta-analytic results relevant to deposited data and participation aims. NHGRI GWAS Catalog contains updated information about all GWAS in biomedicine, and is usually excellent starting point to find comprehensive list of studies. Files can be obtained by any PGC member for any disease to which they contributed data. These files can also be obtained by application to NIMH Genetics Repository. Individual-level genotype and phenotype data requires application, material transfer agreement, and informed consent consideration. Some datasets are also in controlled-access dbGaP and Wellcome Trust Case-Control Consortium repositories. PGC members can also receive back cleaned and imputed data and results for samples they contributed to PGC analyses.

Proper citation: Psychiatric Genomics Consortium (RRID:SCR_004495) Copy   

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http://www.tbidx.net

Network evaluating consensus-based common data elements (CDE) for traumatic brain injury (TBI) and psychological health (TBI-CDE, www.commondataelements.ninds.nih.gov/TBI.aspx) while extensively phenotyping a cohort of TBI patients across the injury spectrum from concussion to coma. Institutions that participate in the TBI Network will be able to track the outcomes of patients through a 3, 6 and 12-month followup program and compare outcomes with other participating institutions. For the three acute care centers, patients were enrolled that presented to the emergency department within 24 hours of head injury and required computed tomography (CT). For the rehabilitation center, referrals from acute hospitals were enrolled. Patients were consented to participate in components: clinical profile; blood draws for measurement of proteomic and genomic markers; 3T MRI within 2 weeks; three-month Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E); and six-month TBI-CDE Core outcome assessments. A web-enabled database, imaging repository, and biospecimen bank was developed using the TBI-CDE recommendations. A total of 605 patients were enrolled. Of these subjects, 88% had a GCS 13-15, 5% had a GCS 9-12, and 7% had a GCS of 8 or less. Three-month GOS-E''s were obtained for 78% of the patients. Comprehensive 6-month outcome measures, including PTSD assessment, are ongoing until September 2011. Blood specimens were collected from 450 patients. Initial CTs for 605 patients and 235 patients with 3T MRI studies were transferred to an imaging repository. The TRACK TBI Network will provide qualified institutions access to a web-based version of key forms in tracking TBI outcomes for Quality Improvement and institutional benchmarking.

Proper citation: TRACK TBI Network (RRID:SCR_004723) Copy   

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http://www.jax.org/index.html

An independent, nonprofit organization focused on mammalian genetics research to advance human health. Their mission is to discover the genetic basis for preventing, treating, and curing human disease, and to enable research for the global biomedical community. Jackson Laboratory breeds and manages colonies of mice as resources for other research institutions and laboratories, along with providing software and techniques. Jackson Lab also conducts genetic research and provides educational material for various educational levels.

Proper citation: Jackson Laboratory (RRID:SCR_004633) Copy   

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http://www.ebi.ac.uk/ega/

Web service for permanent archiving and sharing of all types of personally identifiable genetic and phenotypic data resulting from biomedical research projects. The repository allows you to explore datasets from numerous genotype experiments, supplied by a range of data providers. The EGA''s role is to provide secure access to the data that otherwise could not be distributed to the research community. The EGA contains exclusive data collected from individuals whose consent agreements authorize data release only for specific research use or to bona fide researchers. Strict protocols govern how information is managed, stored and distributed by the EGA project. As an example, only members of the EGA team are allowed to process data in a secure computing facility. Once processed, all data are encrypted for dissemination and the encryption keys are delivered offline. The EGA also supports data access only for the consortium members prior to publication.

Proper citation: European Genome phenome Archive (RRID:SCR_004944) Copy   

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http://glioblastoma.alleninstitute.org/

Platform for exploring the anatomic and genetic basis of glioblastoma at the cellular and molecular levels that includes two interactive databases linked together by de-identified tumor specimen numbers to facilitate comparisons across data modalities: * The open public image database, here, providing in situ hybridization data mapping gene expression across the anatomic structures inherent in glioblastoma, as well as associated histological data suitable for neuropathological examination * A companion database (Ivy GAP Clinical and Genomic Database) offering detailed clinical, genomic, and expression array data sets that are designed to elucidate the pathways involved in glioblastoma development and progression. This database requires registration for access. The hope is that researchers all over the world will mine these data and identify trends, correlations, and interesting leads for further studies with significant translational and clinical outcomes. The Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project is a collaborative partnership between the Ben and Catherine Ivy Foundation, the Allen Institute for Brain Science and the Ben and Catherine Ivy Center for Advanced Brain Tumor Treatment.

Proper citation: Ivy Glioblastoma Atlas Project (RRID:SCR_005044) Copy   

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https://github.com/cwhelan/cloudbreak

Software providing a Hadoop-based genomic structural variation (SV) caller for Illumina paired-end DNA sequencing data. It contains a full pipeline for aligning data in the form of FASTQ files using alignment pipelines that generate many possible mappings for every read, in the Hadoop framework. It then contains Hadoop jobs for computing genomic features from the alignments, and for calling insertion and deletion variants from those features.

Proper citation: Cloudbreak (RRID:SCR_005097) Copy   

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http://www.well.ox.ac.uk/happy/

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 28,2023. Software package for Multipoint QTL Mapping in Genetically Heterogeneous Animals (entry from Genetic Analysis Software) The method is implemented in a C-program and there is now an R version of HAPPY. You can run HAPPY remotely from their web server using your own data (or try it out on the data provided for download).

Proper citation: Happy (RRID:SCR_001395) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://neuronalarchitects.com/ibiofind.html

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented August 17, 2016. C#.NET 4.0 WPF / OWL / REST / JSON / SPARQL multi-threaded, parallel desktop application enables the construction of biomedical knowledge through PubMed, ScienceDirect, EndNote and NIH Grant repositories for tracking the work of medical researchers for ranking and recommendations. Users can crawl web sites, build latent semantic indices to generate literature searches for both Clinical Translation Science Award and non-CTSA institutions, examine publications, build Bayesian networks for neural correlates, gene to gene interactions, protein to protein interactions and as well drug treatment hypotheses. Furthermore, one can easily access potential researcher information, monitor and evolve their networks and search for possible collaborators and software tools for creating biomedical informatics products. The application is designed to work with the ModelMaker, R, Neural Maestro, Lucene, EndNote and MindGenius applications to improve the quality and quantity of medical research. iBIOFind interfaces with both eNeoTutor and ModelMaker 2013 Web Services Implementation in .NET for eNeoTutor to aid instructors to build neuroscience courses as well as rare diseases. Added: Rare Disease Explorer: The Visualization of Rare Disease, Gene and Protein Networks application module. Cinematics for the Image Finder from Yale. The ability to automatically generate and update websites for rare diseases. Cytoscape integration for the construction and visualization of pathways for Molecular targets of Model Organisms. Productivity metrics for medical researchers in rare diseases. iBIOFind 2013 database now includes over 150 medical schools in the US along with Clinical Translational Science Award Institutions for the generation of biomedical knowledge, biomedical informatics and Researcher Profiles.

Proper citation: iBIOFind (RRID:SCR_001587) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

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http://www.nitrc.org/projects/plink

Open source whole genome association analysis toolset, designed to perform range of basic, large scale analyses in computationally efficient manner. Used for analysis of genotype/phenotype data. Through integration with gPLINK and Haploview, there is some support for subsequent visualization, annotation and storage of results. PLINK 1.9 is improved and second generation of the software.

Proper citation: PLINK (RRID:SCR_001757) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.aspgd.org/

Database of genetic and molecular biological information about the filamentous fungi of the genus Aspergillus including information about genes and proteins of Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus fumigatus; descriptions and classifications of their biological roles, molecular functions, and subcellular localizations; gene, protein, and chromosome sequence information; tools for analysis and comparison of sequences; and links to literature information; as well as a multispecies comparative genomics browser tool (Sybil) for exploration of orthology and synteny across multiple sequenced Sgenus species. Also available are Gene Ontology (GO) and community resources. Based on the Candida Genome Database, the Aspergillus Genome Database is a resource for genomic sequence data and gene and protein information for Aspergilli. Among its many species, the genus contains an excellent model organism (A. nidulans, or its teleomorph Emericella nidulans), an important pathogen of the immunocompromised (A. fumigatus), an agriculturally important toxin producer (A. flavus), and two species used in industrial processes (A. niger and A. oryzae). Search options allow you to: *Search AspGD database using keywords. *Find chromosomal features that match specific properties or annotations. *Find AspGD web pages using keywords located on the page. *Find information on one gene from many databases. *Search for keywords related to a phenotype (e.g., conidiation), an allele (such as veA1), or an experimental condition (e.g., light). Analysis and Tools allow you to: *Find similarities between a sequence of interest and Aspergillus DNA or protein sequences. *Display and analyze an Aspergillus sequence (or other sequence) in many ways. *Navigate the chromosomes set. View nucleotide and protein sequence. *Find short DNA/protein sequence matches in Aspergillus. *Design sequencing and PCR primers for Aspergillus or other input sequences. *Display the restriction map for a Aspergillus or other input sequence. *Find similarities between a sequence of interest and fungal nucleotide or protein sequences. AspGD welcomes data submissions.

Proper citation: ASPGD (RRID:SCR_002047) Copy   

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https://www.wtccc.org.uk/

Consortium of 50 research groups across the UK to harness the power of newly-available genotyping technologies to improve our understanding of the aetiological basis of several major causes of global disease. The consortium has gathered genotype data for up to 500,000 sites of genome sequence variation (single nucleotide polymorphisms or SNPs) in samples ascertained for the disease phenotypes. Analysis of the genome-wide association data generated has lead to the identification of many SNPs and genes showing evidence of association with disease susceptibility, some of which will be followed up in future studies. In addition, the Consortium has gained important insights into the technical, analytical, methodological and biological aspects of genome-wide association analysis. The core of the study comprised an analysis of 2,000 samples from each of seven diseases (type 1 diabetes, type 2 diabetes, coronary heart disease, hypertension, bipolar disorder, rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease). For each disease, the case samples have been ascertained from sites widely distributed across Great Britain, allowing us to obtain considerable efficiencies by comparing each of these case populations to a common set of 3,000 nationally-ascertained controls also from England, Scotland and Wales. These controls come from two sources: 1,500 are representative samples from the 1958 British Birth Cohort and 1,500 are blood donors recruited by the three national UK Blood Services. One of the questions that the WTCCC study has addressed relates to the relative merits of these alternative strategies for the generation of representative population cohorts. Genotyping for this main Case Control study was conducted by Affymetrix using the (commercial) Affymetrix 500K chip. As part of this study a total of 17,000 samples were typed for 500,000 SNPs. There are two additional components to the study. First, the WTCCC award is part-funding a study of host resistance to infectious diseases in African populations. The same approach has been used to type 2,000 cases of tuberculosis (TB) and 2,000 cases of malaria, as well as 2,000 shared controls. As well as addressing diseases of major global significance, and extending WTCCC coverage into the area of infectious disease, the inclusion of samples of African origin has obvious benefits with respect to methodological aspects of genome-wide association analysis. Second, the WTCCC has, for four additional diseases (autoimmune thyroid disease, breast cancer, ankylosing spondylitis, multiple sclerosis), completed an analysis of 15,000 SNPs designed to represent a large proportion of the known non-synonymous coding SNPs across the genome. This analysis has been performed at the WTSI using a custom Infinium chip (Illumina). Data release The genotypic data of the control samples (1958 British Birth Cohort and UK Blood Service) and from seven diseases analyzed in the main study are now available to qualified researchers. Summary genotype statistics for these collections are available directly from the website. Access to the individual-level genotype data and summary genotype statistics is by application to the Consortium Data Access Committee (CDAC) and approval subject to a Data Access Agreement. WTCCC2: A further round of GWA studies were funded in April 2008. These include 15 WTCCC-collaborative studies and 12 independent studies be supported totaling approximately 120,000 samples. Many of the studies represent major international collaborative networks that have together assembled large sample collections. WTCCC2 will perform genome-wide association studies in 13 disease conditions: Ankylosing spondylitis, Barrett's oesophagus and oesophageal adenocarcinoma, glaucoma, ischaemic stroke, multiple sclerosis, pre-eclampsia, Parkinson's disease, psychosis endophenotypes, psoriasis, schizophrenia, ulcerative colitis and visceral leishmaniasis. WTCCC2 will also investigate the genetics of reading and mathematics abilities in children and the pharmacogenomics of statin response. Over 60,000 samples will be analyzed using either the Affymetrix v6.0 chip or the Illumina 660K chip. The WTCCC2 will also genotype 3,000 controls each from the 1958 British Birth cohort and the UK Blood Service control group, and the 6,000 controls will be genotyped on both the Affymetrix v6.0 and Illumina 1.2M chips. WTCCC3: The Wellcome Trust has provided support for a further round of GWA studies in January 2009. These include 5 WTCCC-collaborative studies to be carried out in WTCCC3 and 5 independent studies, across a range of diseases. Many of the studies represent major international collaborative networks that have together assembled large sample collections. WTCCC3 will perform genome-wide association studies in the following 4 disease conditions: primary biliary cirrhosis, anorexia nervosa, pre-eclampsia in UK subjects, and the interactions between donor and recipient DNA related to early and late renal transplant dysfunction. The WTCCC3 will also carry out a pilot in a study of the genetics of host control of HIV-1 infection. Over 40,000 samples will be analyzed using the Illumina 660K chip. The WTCCC3 will utilize the 6,000 control genotypes generated by the WTCCC2.

Proper citation: Wellcome Trust Case Control Consortium (RRID:SCR_001973) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.dpvweb.net/

DPVweb provides a central source of information about viruses, viroids and satellites of plants, fungi and protozoa. Comprehensive taxonomic information, including brief descriptions of each family and genus, and classified lists of virus sequences are provided. The database also holds detailed, curated, information for all sequences of viruses, viroids and satellites of plants, fungi and protozoa that are complete or that contain at least one complete gene. For comparative purposes, it also contains a single representative sequence of all other fully sequenced virus species with an RNA or single-stranded DNA genome. The start and end positions of each feature (gene, non-translated region and the like) have been recorded and checked for accuracy. As far as possible, nomenclature for genes and proteins are standardized within genera and families. Sequences of features (either as DNA or amino acid sequences) can be directly downloaded from the website in FASTA format. The sequence information can also be accessed via client software for PC computers (freely downloadable from the website) that enable users to make an easy selection of sequences and features of a chosen virus for further analyses. The public sequence databases contain vast amounts of data on virus genomes but accessing and comparing the data, except for relatively small sets of related viruses can be very time consuming. The procedure is made difficult because some of the sequences on these databases are incorrectly named, poorly annotated or redundant. The NCBI Reference Sequence project (1) provides a comprehensive, integrated, non-redundant set of sequences, including genomic DNA, transcript (RNA) and protein products, for major research organisms. This now includes curated information for a single sequence of each fully sequenced virus species. While this is a welcome development, it can only deal with complete sequences. An important feature of DPV is the opportunity to access genes (and other features) of multiple sequences quickly and accurately. Thus, for example, it is easy to obtain the nucleotide or amino acid sequences of all the available accessions of the coat protein gene of a given virus species or for a group of viruses. To increase its usefulness further, DPVweb also contains a single representative sequence of all other fully sequenced virus species with an RNA or single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) genome. Sponsors: This site is supported by the Association of Applied Biologists and the Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, People''s Republic of China.

Proper citation: Descriptions of Plant Viruses (RRID:SCR_006656) Copy   

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http://inparanoid.sbc.su.se/cgi-bin/index.cgi

Collection of pairwise comparisons between 100 whole genomes generated by a fully automatic method for finding orthologs and in-paralogs between TWO species. Ortholog clusters in the InParanoid are seeded with a two-way best pairwise match, after which an algorithm for adding in-paralogs is applied. The method bypasses multiple alignments and phylogenetic trees, which can be slow and error-prone steps in classical ortholog detection. Still, it robustly detects complex orthologous relationships and assigns confidence values for in-paralogs. The original data sets can be downloaded.

Proper citation: InParanoid: Eukaryotic Ortholog Groups (RRID:SCR_006801) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry

http://www.nervenet.org/main/dictionary.html

A mouse-related portal of genomic databases and tables of mouse brain data. Most files are intended for you to download and use on your own personal computer. Most files are available in generic text format or as FileMaker Pro databases. The server provides data extracted and compiled from: The 2000-2001 Mouse Chromosome Committee Reports, Release 15 of the MIT microsatellite map (Oct 1997), The recombinant inbred strain database of R.W. Elliott (1997) and R. W. Williams (2001), and the Map Manager and text format chromosome maps (Apr 2001). * LXS genotype (Excel file): Updated, revised positions for 330 markers genotyped using a panel of 77 LXS strain. * MIT SNP DATABASE ONLINE: Search and sort the MIT Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) database ONLINE. These data from the MIT-Whitehead SNP release of December 1999. * INTEGRATED MIT-ROCHE SNP DATABASE in EXCEL and TEXT FORMATS (1-3 MB): Original MIT SNPs merged with the new Roche SNPs. The Excel file has been formatted to illustrate SNP haplotypes and genetic contrasts. Both files are intended for statistical analyses of SNPs and can be used to test a method outlined in a paper by Andrew Grupe, Gary Peltz, and colleagues (Science 291: 1915-1918, 2001). The Excel file includes many useful equations and formatting that will help in navigating through this large database and in testing the in silico mapping method. * Use of inbred strains for the study of individual differences in pain related phenotypes in the mouse: Elissa J. Chesler''s 2002 dissertation, discussing issues relevant to the integration of genomic and phenomic data from standard inbred strains including genetic interactions with laboratory environmental conditions and the use of various in silico inbred strain haplotype based mapping algorithms for QTL analysis. * SNP QTL MAPPER in EXCEL format (572 KB, updated January 2002 by Elissa Chesler): This Excel workbook implements the Grupe et al. mapping method and outputs correlation plots. The main spreadsheet allows you to enter your own strain data and compares them to haplotypes. Be very cautious and skeptical when using this spreadsheet and the technique. Read all of the caveates. This excel version of the method was developed by Elissa Chesler. This updated version (Jan 2002) handles missing data. * MIT SNP Database (tab-delimited text format): This file is suitable for manipulation in statistics and spreadsheet programs (752 KB, Updated June 27, 2001). Data have been formatted in a way that allows rapid acquisition of the new data from the Roche Bioscience SNP database. * MIT SNP Database (FileMaker 5 Version): This is a reformatted version of the MIT Single Nucleotide Polymorphism (SNP) database in FileMaker 5 format. You will need a copy of this application to open the file (Mac and Windows; 992 KB. Updated July 13, 2001 by RW). * Gene Mapping and Map Manager Data Sets: Genetic maps of mouse chromosomes. Now includes a 10th generation advanced intercross consisting of 500 animals genetoyped at 340 markers. Lots of older files on recombinant inbred strains. * The Portable Dictionary of the Mouse Genome, 21,039 loci, 17,912,832 bytes. Includes all 1997-98 Chromosome Committee Reports and MIT Release 15. * FullDict.FMP.sit: The Portable Dictionary of the Mouse Genome. This large FileMaker Pro 3.0/4.0 database has been compressed with StuffIt. The Dictionary of the Mouse Genome contains data from the 1997-98 chromosome committee reports and MIT Whitehead SSLP databases (Release 15). The Dictionary contains information for 21,039 loci. File size = 4846 KB. Updated March 19, 1998. * MIT Microsatellite Database ONLINE: A database of MIT microsatellite loci in the mouse. Use this FileMaker Pro database with OurPrimersDB. MITDB is a subset of the Portable Dictionary of the Mouse Genome. ONLINE. Updated July 12, 2001. * MIT Microsatellite Database: A database of MIT microsatellite loci in the mouse. Use this FileMaker Pro database with OurPrimersDB. MITDB is a subset of the Portable Dictionary of the Mouse Genome. File size = 3.0 MB. Updated March 19, 1998. * OurPrimersDB: A small database of primers. Download this database if you are using numerous MIT primers to map genes in mice. This database should be used in combination with the MITDB as one part of a relational database. File size = 149 KB. Updated March 19, 1998. * Empty copy (clone) of the Portable Dictionary in FileMaker Pro 3.0 format. Download this file and import individual chromosome text files from the table into the database. File size = 231 KB. Updated March 19, 1998. * Chromosome Text Files from the Dictionary: The table lists data on gene loci for individual chromosomes.

Proper citation: Mouse Genome Databases (RRID:SCR_007147) Copy   

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http://www.genoscope.cns.fr/externe/tetraodon/

The initial objective of Genoscope was to compare the genomic sequences of this fish to that of humans to help in the annotation of human genes and to estimate their number. This strategy is based on the common genetic heritage of the vertebrates: from one species of vertebrate to another, even for those as far apart as a fish and a mammal, the same genes are present for the most part. In the case of the compact genome of Tetraodon, this common complement of genes is contained in a genome eight times smaller than that of humans. Although the length of the exons is similar in these two species, the size of the introns and the intergenic sequences is greatly reduced in this fish. Furthermore, these regions, in contrast to the exons, have diverged completely since the separation of the lineages leading to humans and Tetraodon. The Exofish method, developed at Genoscope, exploits this contrast such that the conserved regions which can be identified by comparing genomic sequences of the two species, correspond only to coding regions. Using preliminary sequencing results of the genome of Tetraodon in the year 2000, Genoscope evaluated the number of human genes at about 30,000, whereas much higher estimations were current. The progress of the annotation of the human genome has since supported the Genoscope hypothesis, with values as low as 22,000 genes and a consensus of around 25,000 genes. The sequencing of the Tetraodon genome at a depth of about 8X, carried out as a collaboration between Genoscope and the Whitehead Institute Center for Genome Research (now the Broad Institute), was finished in 2002, with the production of an assembly covering 90 of the euchromatic region of the genome of the fish. This has permitted the application of Exofish at a larger scale in comparisons with the genome of humans, but also with those of the two other vertebrates sequenced at the time (Takifugu, a fish closely related to Tetraodon, and the mouse). The conserved regions detected in this way have been integrated into the annotation procedure, along with other resources (cDNA sequences from Tetraodon and ab initio predictions). Of the 28,000 genes annotated, some families were examined in detail: selenoproteins, and Type 1 cytokines and their receptors. The comparison of the proteome of Tetraodon with those of mammals has revealed some interesting differences, such as a major diversification of some hormone systems and of the collagen molecules in the fish. A search for transposable elements in the genomic sequences of Tetraodon has also revealed a high diversity (75 types), which contrasts with their scarcity; the small size of the Tetraodon genome is due to the low abundance of these elements, of which some appear to still be active. Another factor in the compactness of the Tetraodon genome, which has been confirmed by annotation, is the reduction in intron size, which approaches a lower limit of 50-60 bp, and which preferentially affects certain genes. The availability of the sequences from the genomes of humans and mice on one hand, and Takifugu and Tetraodon on the other, provide new opportunities for the study of vertebrate evolution. We have shown that the level of neutral evolution is higher in fish than in mammals. The protein sequences of fish also diverge more quickly than those of mammals. A key mechanism in evolution is gene duplication, which we have studied by taking advantage of the anchoring of the majority of the sequences from the assembly on the chromosomes. The result of this study speaks strongly in favor of a whole genome duplication event, very early in the line of ray-finned fish (Actinopterygians). An even stronger evidence came from synteny studies between the genomes of humans and Tetraodon. Using a high-resolution synteny map, we have reconstituted the genome of the vertebrate which predates this duplication - that is, the last common ancestor to all bony vertebrates (most of the vertebrates apart from cartilaginous fish and agnaths like lamprey). This ancestral karyotype contains 12 chromosomes, and the 21 Tetraodon chromosomes derive from it by the whole genome duplication and a surprisingly small number of interchromosomal rearrangements. On the contrary, exchanges between chromosomes have been much more frequent in the lineage that leads to humans. Sponsors: The project was supported by the Consortium National de Recherche en Genomique and the National Human Genome Research Institute.

Proper citation: Tetraodon Genome Browser (RRID:SCR_007079) Copy   

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http://www.broadinstitute.org/

Biomedical and genomic research center located in Cambridge, Massachusetts, United States. Nonprofit research organization under the name Broad Institute Inc., and is partners with Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Harvard University, and the five Harvard teaching hospitals. Dedicated to advance understanding of biology and treatment of human disease to improve human health.

Proper citation: Broad Institute (RRID:SCR_007073) Copy   

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http://www.aneurist.org/

Project focused on cerebral aneurysms and provides integrated decision support system to assess risk of aneurysm rupture in patients and to optimize their treatments. IT infrastructure has been developeded for management and processing of vast amount of heterogeneous data acquired during diagnosis.

Proper citation: aneurIST (RRID:SCR_007427) Copy   

•   Source: SciCrunch Registry