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Chromosome alignment during mitosis can occur as a consequence of bi-orientation or is assisted by the CENP-E (kinesin-7) motor at kinetochores. We previously found that Indian muntjac chromosomes with larger kinetochores bi-orient more efficiently and are biased to align in a CENP-E-independent manner, suggesting that CENP-E dependence for chromosome alignment negatively correlates with kinetochore size. Here, we used targeted phylogenetic profiling of CENP-E in monocentric (localized centromeres) and holocentric (centromeres spanning the entire chromosome length) clades to test this hypothesis at an evolutionary scale. We found that, despite being present in common ancestors, CENP-E was lost more frequently in taxa with holocentric chromosomes, such as Hemiptera and Nematoda. Functional experiments in two nematodes with holocentric chromosomes in which a CENP-E ortholog is absent (Caenorhabditis elegans) or present (Pristionchus pacificus) revealed that targeted expression of human CENP-E to C. elegans kinetochores partially rescued chromosome alignment defects associated with attenuated polar-ejection forces, whereas CENP-E inactivation in P. pacificus had no detrimental effects on mitosis and viability. These data showcase the dispensability of CENP-E for mitotic chromosome alignment in species with larger kinetochores.
Pubmed ID: 39698944
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Software package as distribution of ImageJ and ImageJ2 together with Java, Java3D and plugins organized into coherent menu structure. Used to assist research in life sciences.
View all literature mentionsThis data resource is a genetic, molecular, and genomic toolkit that establishes one particular species, Pristionchus pacificus, as a major satellite system for evolutionary developmental biology. Users may download Pristionchus Sequences and use the Pristionchus pacificus genome browser where they may find gene or gene prediction data. Users can also use the BLAST feature, which allows users to search the assembly for position information of bacs, reads and contigs using the mapping tool. The center of the site's research is the evolutionary analysis of vulva formation. The general aim of the Department is to develop the nematode vulva as a suitable case study into the evolutionary alterations of developmental processes. By studying and comparing two distantly related species of the same phylum, such as P. pacificus and C. elegans, macroevolutionary alterations of developmental processes and mechanisms can be identified. The final goal of the Department is to achieve a comprehensive description of macro- and microevolutionary changes of developmental mechanisms at the molecular level in a phylogenetic and ecological context.
View all literature mentionsSoftware package as multiple alignment program for amino acid or nucleotide sequences. Can align up to 500 sequences or maximum file size of 1 MB. First version of MAFFT used algorithm based on progressive alignment, in which sequences were clustered with help of Fast Fourier Transform. Subsequent versions have added other algorithms and modes of operation, including options for faster alignment of large numbers of sequences, higher accuracy alignments, alignment of non-coding RNA sequences, and addition of new sequences to existing alignments.
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool to quantitatively measure genome assembly and annotation completeness based on evolutionarily informed expectations of gene content.
View all literature mentionsMolecular biology software for visualizing and documenting gene constructs for InFusion cloning, Gibson assembly, restriction cloning, PCR, and mutagenesis.
View all literature mentionsSilhouette images of animals, plants, and other life forms, available for reuse. Database stores reusable silhouette images and phylogenetic taxonomy of all organisms. Each image is associated with one or more taxonomic names and indicates roughly what ancestral member of each taxon looked like.
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