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Multilocus variable-number tandem repeat analysis (MLVA) is widely used for genotyping of Bordetella pertussis, the causative bacteria for pertussis. However, MLVA genotyping is losing its discriminate power because prevalence of the epidemic MT27 strain (MLVA-27) is increasing worldwide. To address this, we developed a single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) genotyping method for MT27 based on multiplexed single-base extension (SBE) assay. A total of 237 MT27 isolates collected in Japan during 1999-2018 were genotyped and classified into ten SNP genotypes (SG1 to SG10) with a Simpson's diversity index (DI) of 0.79 (95% CI 0.76-0.82). Temporal trends showed a marked increase in the genotypic diversity in the 2010s: Simpson's DI was zero in 1999-2004, 0.16 in 2005-2009, 0.83 in 2010-2014, and 0.76 in 2015-2018. This indicates that the SNP genotyping is applicable to the recently circulating MT27 strain. Additionally, almost all outbreak-associated MT27 isolates were classified into the same SNP genotypes for each outbreak. Multiplexed SBE assay allows for rapid and simple genotyping, indicating that the SNP genotyping can potentially be a useful tool for subtyping the B. pertussis MT27 strain in routine surveillance and outbreak investigations.
Pubmed ID: 33649512
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Original SAMTOOLS package has been split into three separate repositories including Samtools, BCFtools and HTSlib. Samtools for manipulating next generation sequencing data used for reading, writing, editing, indexing,viewing nucleotide alignments in SAM,BAM,CRAM format. BCFtools used for reading, writing BCF2,VCF, gVCF files and calling, filtering, summarising SNP and short indel sequence variants. HTSlib used for reading, writing high throughput sequencing data.
View all literature mentionsGenotyping software package that provides DNA sizing and quality allele calls for all Applied Biosystems electrophoresis-based genotyping systems. GeneMapper specializes in multiapplication functionality, including amplified fragment length polymorphism, loss of heterozygosity, microsatellite, and SNP genotyping analysis. The software provides remote auto-analysis and command line operation, and allows for multiuser, client-server deployment.
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