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Characterization and Comparative Analysis of Two Rheum Complete Chloroplast Genomes.

Kaihui Zhao | Lianqiang Li | Yazhou Lu | Junbo Yang | Zhirong Zhang | Fangyu Zhao | Hong Quan | Xiaojing Ma | Zhihua Liao | Xiaozhong Lan
BioMed research international | 2020

Rheum species present a significant economic value. Traditional Chinese medicine rhubarb is an important medicinal material in China. It has a long history of use, with a record of use as early as two thousand years ago. Here, we determined the complete chloroplast genome sequences of Rheum nobile and Rheum acuminatum and comprehensively compared them to two other available Rheum cp genomes at the genome scale. The results revealed cp genomes ranging in size from 159,051 to 161,707 bp with a similar typical quadripartite and circular structure. The genome organization, gene numbers, gene order, and GC contents of these four Rheum cp genomes were similar to those of many angiosperm cp genomes. Repeats and microsatellites were detected in the R. nobile and R. acuminatum cp genomes. The Mauve alignment revealed that there were no rearrangements in the cp genomes of the four Rheum species. Thirteen mutational hotspots for genome divergence were identified, which could be utilized as potential markers for phylogenetic studies and the identification of Rheum species. The phylogenetic relationships of the four species showed that the members of Rheum cluster into a single clade, indicating their close relationships. Our study provides valuable information for the taxonomic, phylogenetic, and evolutionary analysis of Rheum.

Pubmed ID: 32685515

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


NGS QC Toolkit (tool)

RRID:SCR_005461

A software toolkit for the quality control (QC) of next generation sequencing (NGS) data. The toolkit comprises of user-friendly stand alone tools for quality control of the sequence data generated using Illumina and Roche 454 platforms with detailed results in the form of tables and graphs, and filtering of high-quality sequence data. It also includes few other tools, which are helpful in NGS data quality control and analysis.

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RAxML (tool)

RRID:SCR_006086

Software program for phylogenetic analyses of large datasets under maximum likelihood.

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Geneious (tool)

RRID:SCR_010519

Software package for sequence alignment, assembly and analysis. Integrated and extendable desktop software platform for organization and analysis of sequence data. Bioinformatics software platform packed with molecular biology and sequence analysis tools.

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MAFFT (tool)

RRID:SCR_011811

Software package as multiple alignment program for amino acid or nucleotide sequences. Can align up to 500 sequences or maximum file size of 1 MB. First version of MAFFT used algorithm based on progressive alignment, in which sequences were clustered with help of Fast Fourier Transform. Subsequent versions have added other algorithms and modes of operation, including options for faster alignment of large numbers of sequences, higher accuracy alignments, alignment of non-coding RNA sequences, and addition of new sequences to existing alignments.

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MrBayes (tool)

RRID:SCR_012067

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE.Documented on February 28,2023. Software program for Bayesian inference and model choice across a wide range of phylogenetic and evolutionary models.

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Mauve (tool)

RRID:SCR_012852

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 28,2023. Software as system for efficiently constructing multiple genome alignments in the presence of large-scale evolutionary events such as rearrangement and inversion.

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DOGMA (tool)

RRID:SCR_015060

Web-based annotation tool for plant chloroplasts and animal mitochondrial genomes. DOGMA allows the use of BLAST searches against a custom database, and conservation of basepairing in the secondary structure of animal mitochondrial tRNAs to identify and annotate genes.

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OGDraw (tool)

RRID:SCR_017337

Software package for graphical visualization of organellar genomes. Converts annotations in GenBank format into graphical maps. Used to create visual representations of circular and linear annotated genome sequences provided as GenBank files or accession numbers.

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