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Dual functions of Aire CARD multimerization in the transcriptional regulation of T cell tolerance.

Yu-San Huoh | Bin Wu | Sehoon Park | Darren Yang | Kushagra Bansal | Emily Greenwald | Wesley P Wong | Diane Mathis | Sun Hur
Nature communications | 2020

Aggregate-like biomolecular assemblies are emerging as new conformational states with functionality. Aire, a transcription factor essential for central T cell tolerance, forms large aggregate-like assemblies visualized as nuclear foci. Here we demonstrate that Aire utilizes its caspase activation recruitment domain (CARD) to form filamentous homo-multimers in vitro, and this assembly mediates foci formation and transcriptional activity. However, CARD-mediated multimerization also makes Aire susceptible to interaction with promyelocytic leukemia protein (PML) bodies, sites of many nuclear processes including protein quality control of nuclear aggregates. Several loss-of-function Aire mutants, including those causing autoimmune polyendocrine syndrome type-1, form foci with increased PML body association. Directing Aire to PML bodies impairs the transcriptional activity of Aire, while dispersing PML bodies with a viral antagonist restores this activity. Our study thus reveals a new regulatory role of PML bodies in Aire function, and highlights the interplay between nuclear aggregate-like assemblies and PML-mediated protein quality control.

Pubmed ID: 32242017

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None found

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Associated grants

  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI111784
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R35 GM119537
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 AI007512
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI088204
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R21 AI147099
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 HG000044

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