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Physical forces generated by tissue-tissue interactions are a critical component of embryogenesis, aiding the formation of organs in a coordinated manner. In this study, using Xenopus laevis embryos and phosphoproteome analyses, we uncover the rapid activation of the mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase Erk2 upon stimulation with centrifugal, compression, or stretching force. We demonstrate that Erk2 induces the remodeling of cytoskeletal proteins, including F-actin, an embryonic cadherin C-cadherin, and the tight junction protein ZO-1. We show these force-dependent changes to be prerequisites for the enhancement of cellular junctions and tissue stiffening during early embryogenesis. Furthermore, Erk2 activation is FGFR1 dependent while not requiring fibroblast growth factor (FGF) ligands, suggesting that cell/tissue deformation triggers receptor activation in the absence of ligands. These findings establish previously unrecognized functions for mechanical forces in embryogenesis and reveal its underlying force-induced signaling pathways.
Pubmed ID: 32187556
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Software package as distribution of ImageJ and ImageJ2 together with Java, Java3D and plugins organized into coherent menu structure. Used to assist research in life sciences.
View all literature mentionsA Python-based environment of open-source software for mathematics, science, and engineering. The core packages of SciPy include: NumPy, a base N-dimensional array package; SciPy Library, a fundamental library for scientific computing; and IPython, an enhanced interactive console.
View all literature mentionsPython 2D plotting library which produces publication quality figures in variety of hardcopy formats and interactive environments across platforms. Used in python scripts, web application servers, and six graphical user interface toolkits. Used to generate plots, histograms, power spectra, bar charts, error charts, scatter plots.
View all literature mentionsRandomized controlled trial being conducted at two clinical centers in the United States to learn more about the effects of weight loss on urinary incontinence. About 330 overweight women aged 30 or older will participate and will be followed for 18 months. Efficacy of weight reduction as a treatment for urinary incontinence will be examined at 6 months following the intensive weight control program, and the sustained impact of the intervention will be examined at 18 months. To increase the maintenance of weight reduction and facilitate evaluation of the enduring impact of weight loss on urinary incontinence, they propose to study a motivation-based weight maintenance program. At the end of the intensive weight control program, women randomized to the weight loss program will be randomized to either a 12-month skill-based maintenance intervention or to a motivation-based maintenance intervention. The maintenance interventions maximize the potential for sustained weight loss and will allow them to determine if long-term weight reduction will produce continued improvement in urinary incontinence.
View all literature mentionsSoftware Python tool as data visualization library based on matplotlib. Provides interface for drawing attractive and informative statistical graphics. Statistical data visualization using matplotlib.
View all literature mentionsSoftware Python package for data analysis providing labeled data structures similar to R data. Provides data structures designed to make working with relational or labeled data. Software as building block for doing practical, real world open source data analysis and manipulation tool.
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Phospho-p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2) (Thr202/Tyr204)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Epitope corresponding to a sequence containing phosphorylated tyr-204 of human origin
View all literature mentionsThis recombinant polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets p44/42 MAPK (Erk1/2)
View all literature mentionsThis unknown targets FGF Receptor, phospho (Tyr653 / Tyr654)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets Mouse E. coli Cadherin C
View all literature mentionsThis recombinant polyclonal secondary targets IgG (Heavy Chain)
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis recombinant polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
View all literature mentionsThis monoclonal targets ZO-1
View all literature mentionsThis polyclonal secondary targets IgG (H+L)
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