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Long live the king: chromosome-level assembly of the lion (Panthera leo) using linked-read, Hi-C, and long-read data.

Ellie E Armstrong | Ryan W Taylor | Danny E Miller | Christopher B Kaelin | Gregory S Barsh | Elizabeth A Hadly | Dmitri Petrov
BMC biology | 2020

The lion (Panthera leo) is one of the most popular and iconic feline species on the planet, yet in spite of its popularity, the last century has seen massive declines for lion populations worldwide. Genomic resources for endangered species represent an important way forward for the field of conservation, enabling high-resolution studies of demography, disease, and population dynamics. Here, we present a chromosome-level assembly from a captive African lion from the Exotic Feline Rescue Center (Center Point, IN) as a resource for current and subsequent genetic work of the sole social species of the Panthera clade.

Pubmed ID: 31915011

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIAMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AR067925
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R35 GM118165

Publication data is provided by the National Library of Medicine ® and PubMed ®. Data is retrieved from PubMed ® on a weekly schedule. For terms and conditions see the National Library of Medicine Terms and Conditions.

This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


SAMTOOLS (tool)

RRID:SCR_002105

Original SAMTOOLS package has been split into three separate repositories including Samtools, BCFtools and HTSlib. Samtools for manipulating next generation sequencing data used for reading, writing, editing, indexing,viewing nucleotide alignments in SAM,BAM,CRAM format. BCFtools used for reading, writing BCF2,VCF, gVCF files and calling, filtering, summarising SNP and short indel sequence variants. HTSlib used for reading, writing high throughput sequencing data.

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SAMtools/BCFtools (tool)

RRID:SCR_005227

Provide various utilities for manipulating alignments in the SAM format, including sorting, merging, indexing and generating alignments in a per-position format.

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Scalable Nucleotide Alignment Program (tool)

RRID:SCR_005501

A sequence aligner software program that is 10-100x faster and simultaneously more accurate than existing tools like BWA, Bowtie2 and SOAP2. It runs on commodity x86 processors, and supports a rich error model that lets it cheaply match reads with more differences from the reference than other tools. This gives SNAP up to 2x lower error rates than existing tools and lets it match larger mutations that they may miss. SNAP also natively reads BAM, FASTQ, or gzipped FASTQ, and natively writes SAM or BAM, with built-in sorting, duplicate marking, and BAM indexing.

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RAxML (tool)

RRID:SCR_006086

Software program for phylogenetic analyses of large datasets under maximum likelihood.

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LAST (tool)

RRID:SCR_006119

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 28,2023. Software tool for aligning sequences, similar to BLAST 2 sequences that colour-codes the alignments by reliability. Another useful feature of LAST is that it can compare huge (vertebrate-genome-sized) datasets. Unfortunately, this only applies to the downloadable version of LAST, not the web service. The web service can just about handle bacterial genomes, but it will take a few minutes and the output will be large. LAST can: * Handle big sequence data, e.g: ** Compare two vertebrate genomes ** Align billions of DNA reads to a genome * Indicate the reliability of each aligned column. * Use sequence quality data properly. * Compare DNA to proteins, with frameshifts. * Compare PSSMs to sequences * Calculate the likelihood of chance similarities between random sequences. LAST cannot (yet): * Do spliced alignment.

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Augustus (tool)

RRID:SCR_008417

Software for gene prediction in eukaryotic genomic sequences. Serves as a basis for further steps in the analysis of sequenced and assembled eukaryotic genomes.

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Suite of Nucleotide Analysis Programs (tool)

RRID:SCR_009399

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented May 10, 2017. A pilot effort that has developed a centralized, web-based biospecimen locator that presents biospecimens collected and stored at participating Arizona hospitals and biospecimen banks, which are available for acquisition and use by researchers. Researchers may use this site to browse, search and request biospecimens to use in qualified studies. The development of the ABL was guided by the Arizona Biospecimen Consortium (ABC), a consortium of hospitals and medical centers in the Phoenix area, and is now being piloted by this Consortium under the direction of ABRC. You may browse by type (cells, fluid, molecular, tissue) or disease. Common data elements decided by the ABC Standards Committee, based on data elements on the National Cancer Institute''s (NCI''s) Common Biorepository Model (CBM), are displayed. These describe the minimum set of data elements that the NCI determined were most important for a researcher to see about a biospecimen. The ABL currently does not display information on whether or not clinical data is available to accompany the biospecimens. However, a requester has the ability to solicit clinical data in the request. Once a request is approved, the biospecimen provider will contact the requester to discuss the request (and the requester''s questions) before finalizing the invoice and shipment. The ABL is available to the public to browse. In order to request biospecimens from the ABL, the researcher will be required to submit the requested required information. Upon submission of the information, shipment of the requested biospecimen(s) will be dependent on the scientific and institutional review approval. Account required. Registration is open to everyone., documented September 29, 2016. A workbench tool to make existing population genetic software more accessible and to facilitate the integration of new tools for analyzing patterns of DNA sequence variation, within a phylogenetic context. Collectively, SNAP tools can serve as a bridge between theoretical and applied population genetic analysis. The exploration of DNA sequence variation for making inferences on evolutionary processes in populations requires the coordinated implementation of a Suite of Nucleotide Analysis Programs (SNAP), each bound by specific assumptions and limitations.

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MUSCLE (tool)

RRID:SCR_011812

Multiple sequence alignment method with reduced time and space complexity.Multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Data analysis service for multiple sequence comparison by log- expectation.

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RepeatMasker (tool)

RRID:SCR_012954

Software tool that screens DNA sequences for interspersed repeats and low complexity DNA sequences. The output of the program is a detailed annotation of the repeats that are present in the query sequence as well as a modified version of the query sequence in which all the annotated repeats have been masked (default: replaced by Ns). Currently over 56% of human genomic sequence is identified and masked by the program. Sequence comparisons in RepeatMasker are performed by one of several popular search engines including nhmmer, cross_match, ABBlast/WUBlast, RMBlast and Decypher. RepeatMasker makes use of curated libraries of repeats and currently supports Dfam ( profile HMM library ) and RepBase ( consensus sequence library ).

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BUSCO (tool)

RRID:SCR_015008

Software tool to quantitatively measure genome assembly and annotation completeness based on evolutionarily informed expectations of gene content.

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RepeatModeler (tool)

RRID:SCR_015027

Sequence analysis software that performs repeat family identification and creates models for sequence data. RepeatModeler utilizes RepeatScout and RECON to identify repeat element boundaries and family relationships.

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Albacore (tool)

RRID:SCR_015897

Data processing basecaller for the Oxford Nanopore sequencer that identifies DNA sequences directly from raw data. It enhances accuracy of the single-read sequence data, contributing to high consensus accuracy for nanopore sequence data.

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BWA-MEM2 (tool)

RRID:SCR_022192

Software tool for sequence mapping.The next version of BWA-MEM. Used for aligning sequencing reads against large reference genome.

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