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First draft genome assembly and identification of SNPs from hilsa shad ( Tenualosa ilisha) of the Bay of Bengal.

Md Bazlur Rahman Mollah | Mohd Golam Quader Khan | Md Shahidul Islam | Md Samsul Alam
F1000Research | 2019

Background: Hilsa shad ( Tenualosa ilisha), a widely distributed migratory fish, contributes substantially to the economy of Bangladesh. The harvest of hilsa from inland waters has been fluctuating due to anthropological and climate change-induced degradation of the riverine habitats.  The whole genome sequence of this valuable fish could provide genomic tools for sustainable harvest, conservation and productivity cycle maintenance. Here, we report the first draft genome of  T. ilisha from the Bay of Bengal, the largest reservoir of the migratory fish. Methods: A live specimen of T. ilisha was collected from the Bay of Bengal. The whole genome sequencing was performed by the Illumina HiSeqX platform (2 × 150 paired end configuration). We assembled the short reads using SOAPdenovo2 genome assembler and predicted protein coding genes by AUGUSTUS. The completeness of the T. ilisha genome assembly was evaluated by BUSCO (Benchmarking Universal Single Copy Orthologs). We identified single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) by calling them directly from unassembled sequence reads using discoSnp++. Results: We assembled the draft genome of 710.28 Mb having an N50 scaffold length of 64157 bp and GC content of 42.95%. A total of 37,450 protein coding genes were predicted of which 29,339 (78.34%) were annotated with other vertebrate genomes. We also identified 792,939 isolated SNPs with transversion:transition ratio of 1:1.8. The BUSCO evaluation showed 78.1% completeness of this genome. Conclusions: The genomic data generated in this study could be used as a reference to identify genes associated with physiological and ecological adaptations, population connectivity, and migration behaviour of this biologically and economically important anadromous fish species of the Clupeidae family.

Pubmed ID: 31602298

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This is a list of tools and resources that we have found mentioned in this publication.


Jellyfish (tool)

RRID:SCR_005491

A software tool for fast, memory-efficient counting of k-mers in DNA. A k-mer is a substring of length k, and counting the occurrences of all such substrings is a central step in many analyses of DNA sequence. JELLYFISH can count k-mers quickly by using an efficient encoding of a hash table and by exploiting the compare-and-swap CPU instruction to increase parallelism. Jellyfish is a command-line program that reads FASTA and multi-FASTA files containing DNA sequences. It outputs its k-mer counts in an binary format, which can be translated into a human-readable text format using the jellyfish dump command.

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Augustus (tool)

RRID:SCR_008417

Software for gene prediction in eukaryotic genomic sequences. Serves as a basis for further steps in the analysis of sequenced and assembled eukaryotic genomes.

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BUSCO (tool)

RRID:SCR_015008

Software tool to quantitatively measure genome assembly and annotation completeness based on evolutionarily informed expectations of gene content.

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