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Competition is a major type of interaction between fungi and bacteria in soil and is also an important factor in suppression of plant diseases caused by soil-borne fungal pathogens. There is increasing attention for the possible role of volatiles in competitive interactions between bacteria and fungi. However, knowledge on the actual role of bacterial volatiles in interactions with fungi within soil microbial communities is lacking. Here, we examined colonization of sterile agricultural soils by fungi and bacteria from non-sterile soil inoculums during exposure to volatiles emitted by soil-derived bacterial communities. We found that colonization of soil by fungi was negatively affected by exposure to volatiles emitted by bacterial communities whereas that of bacteria was barely changed. Furthermore, there were strong effects of bacterial community volatiles on the assembly of fungal soil colonizers. Identification of volatile composition produced by bacterial communities revealed several compounds with known fungistatic activity. Our results are the first to reveal a collective volatile-mediated antagonism of soil bacteria against fungi. Given the better exploration abilities of filamentous fungi in unsaturated soils, this may be an important strategy for bacteria to defend occupied nutrient patches against invading fungi. Another implication of our research is that bacterial volatiles in soil atmospheres can have a major contribution to soil fungistasis.
Pubmed ID: 31580006
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Software that detects structural variation (SV) breakpoints by clustering discordant paired-end alignments whose signatures corroborate the same putative breakpoint. Hydra can detect breakpoints caused by all classes of structural variation. Moreover, it was designed to detect variation in both unique and duplicated genomic regions; therefore, it will examine paired-end reads having multiple discordant alignments. Hydra does not attempt to classify SV breakpoints based on the mapping distances and orientations of each breakpoint cluster, it merely detects and reports breakpoints. This is an intentional decision, as it was observed that in loci affected by complex rearrangements, the type of variant suggested by the breakpoint signature is not always correct. Hydra does report the orientations, distances, number of supporting read-pairs, etc., for each breakpoint. It is suggested that downstream methods be used to classify variants based on the genomic features that they overlap and the co-occurrence of other breakpoints. For example, they developed BEDTools for exactly this purpose and the breakpoints reported by Hydra are in the BEDPE format used by BEDTools. Future releases of Hydra will include scripts that assist in the classification process.
View all literature mentionsHigh quality ribosomal RNA databases providing comprehensive, quality checked and regularly updated datasets of aligned small (16S/18S, SSU) and large subunit (23S/28S, LSU) ribosomal RNA (rRNA) sequences for all three domains of life (Bacteria, Archaea and Eukarya). Supplementary services include a rRNA gene aligner, online tools for probe and primer evaluation and optimized browsing, searching and downloading on the website. The extensively curated SILVA taxonomy and the new non-redundant SILVA datasets provide an ideal reference for high-throughput classification of data from next-generation sequencing approaches. Alignment tool, SINA, is available for download as well as available for use online.
View all literature mentionsFounded in 1901, NIST (National Institute of Standards and Technology) is a non-regulatory federal agency within the U.S. Department of Commerce. NIST''s mission is to promote U.S. innovation and industrial competitiveness by advancing measurement science, standards, and technology in ways that enhance economic security and improve our quality of life. NIST carries out its mission through the following programs: * the NIST Laboratories, conducting world-class research, often in close collaboration with industry, that advances the nation''s technology infrastructure and helps U.S. companies continually improve products and services; * the Hollings Manufacturing Extension Partnership, a nationwide network of local centers offering technical and business assistance to smaller manufacturers to help them create and retain jobs, increase profits, and save time and money; and * the Baldrige Performance Excellence Program, which promotes performance excellence among U.S. manufacturers, service companies, educational institutions, health care providers, and nonprofit organizations; conducts outreach programs; and manages the annual Malcolm Baldrige National Quality Award which recognizes performance excellence and quality achievement; * From 2007 to 2011, NIST provided cost-shared grants through the Technology Innovation Program, and between 1990 and 2007, it managed the Advanced Technology Program. NIST measurements support the smallest of technologiesnanoscale devices so tiny that tens of thousands can fit on the end of a single human hairto the largest and most complex of human-made creations, from earthquake-resistant skyscrapers to wide-body jetliners to global communication networks. We invite you to explore our web site to learn about our current projects, to find out how you can work with us, or to make use of our products and services. From the smart electric power grid and electronic health records to atomic clocks, advanced nanomaterials, and computer chips, innumerable products and services rely in some way on technology, measurement, and standards provided by the National Institute of Standards and Technology. NIST funds industrial and academic research in a variety of ways. The Small Business Innovation Research Program funds R&D proposals from small businesses. We also offer other grants to encourage work in specific fields: precision measurement, fire research, and materials science. Grants/awards supporting research at industry, academic, and other institutions are available on a competitive basis through several different Institute offices. For general information on NIST grants programs, please contact Christopher Hunton at [email protected] and (301) 975-5718.
View all literature mentionsA fungal rDNA internal transcribed spacer (ITS) sequence database (although additional genes and genetic markers are also welcome) to facilitate identification of environmental samples of fungal DNA. Additional important features include user annotation of INSD sequences to add metadata on, e.g., locality, habitat, soil, climate, and interacting taxa. The user can furthermore annotate INSD sequences with additional species identifications that will appear in the results of any analyses done. UNITE focuses on high-quality ITS sequences generated from fruiting bodies collected and identified by experts and deposited in public herbaria. In addition, it also holds all fungal ITS sequences in the International Nucleotide Sequence Databases (INSD: NCBI, EMBL, DDBJ). Both sets of sequences may be used in any analyses carried out. UNITE is accompanied by a project management system called PlutoF, where users can store field data, document the sequencing lab procedures, manage sequences, and make analyses. PlutoF intends to make it possible for taxonomists, ecologists, and biogeographers to use a common platform for data storage, handling, and analyses, with the intent of facilitating an integration of these disciplines. A user can have an unlimited number of projects but still make analyses across any project data available to him.
View all literature mentionsSoftware tool as a short read aligner for DNA and RNA seq data. Used for large genomes with millions of scaffolds. Can align reads from Illumina, PacBio, 454, Sanger, Ion Torrent, Nanopore. Fast and accurate, particularly with highly mutated genomes or reads with long indels, even whole gene deletions over 100kbp long. It has no upper limit to genome size or number of contigs. Written in Java, can run on any platform.
View all literature mentionsSoftware versatile open source tool for metagenomics. Used for processing and preparing metagenomics, genomics and population genomics nucleotide sequence data.
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