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The muskox (Ovibos moschatus) is a ruminant highly adapted to arctic conditions. The objective of this work is to study liver, muscle and adipose tissues proteomes in muskoxen highlighting sex differences. Ten animals (5 per sex) were sampled in Western Greenland during the winter hunting season. During carcass processing, muscle, liver and rump fat samples were obtained. Proteomic analyses were conducted using both gel-based and gel-free approaches. Gel-free data are available (ProteomeXchange; PXD014147). For gel-free analysis, 729, 853 and 792 proteins were identified for fat, liver and muscle, respectively. Several proteins were detected with differential abundance between male and female tissues: 77, 15 and 12 proteins using gel-free for adipose tissue, liver and muscle respectively while 3 differential proteins were identified in the gel-based analysis of the adipose tissue. Females have higher abundance of proteins involved in tissue structural stability in the muscle, while males have higher abundance of proteins related to muscle development. In the liver and adipose tissue, females have higher abundance of proteins related to oxidative-stress resistance. Proteins accumulated in the adipose tissue of males highlight higher adipogenic potential. Sex dimorphism is inherent to this species, with higher abundance of proteins in specific metabolic pathways. SIGNIFICANCE: The proteomes of the muskox muscle, hepatic and adipose tissues are characterized for the first time. In addition, the effect of sex on tissue protein abundance is studied. Our results reveal that sex dimorphism goes from morphology to the molecular level in this species, affecting protein, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. This contributes for an in-depth look into sex dimorphism using proteomics which is lacking in most mammals, apart from model species. Moreover, this information has been related to nutritional status, which is particularly important when managing the muskox population and the transformation of its habitat in relation to external factors such as climate changes that can severely affect ecosystems.
Pubmed ID: 31394309
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Central repository for collection of functional information on proteins, with accurate and consistent annotation. In addition to capturing core data mandatory for each UniProtKB entry (mainly, the amino acid sequence, protein name or description, taxonomic data and citation information), as much annotation information as possible is added. This includes widely accepted biological ontologies, classifications and cross-references, and experimental and computational data. The UniProt Knowledgebase consists of two sections, UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot and UniProtKB/TrEMBL. UniProtKB/Swiss-Prot (reviewed) is a high quality manually annotated and non-redundant protein sequence database which brings together experimental results, computed features, and scientific conclusions. UniProtKB/TrEMBL (unreviewed) contains protein sequences associated with computationally generated annotation and large-scale functional characterization that await full manual annotation. Users may browse by taxonomy, keyword, gene ontology, enzyme class or pathway.
View all literature mentionsAn ALL in ONE tool for functional annotation of (novel) sequences and the analysis of annotation data. Blast2GO (B2G) joins in one universal application similarity search based GO annotation and functional analysis. B2G offers the possibility of direct statistical analysis on gene function information and visualization of relevant functional features on a highlighted GO direct acyclic graph (DAG). Furthermore B2G includes various statistics charts summarizing the results obtained at BLASTing, GO-mapping, annotation and enrichment analysis (Fisher''''s Exact Test). All analysis process steps are configurable and data import and export are supported at any stage. The application also accepts pre-existing BLAST or annotation files and takes them to subsequent steps. The tool offers a very suitable platform for high throughput functional genomics research in non-model species. B2G is a species-independent, intuitive and interactive desktop application which allows monitoring and comprehending the whole annotation and analysis process supported by additional features like GO Slim integration, evidence code (EC) consideration, a Batch-Mode or GO-Multilevel-Pies. Platform: Windows compatible, Mac OS X compatible, Linux compatible, Unix compatible
View all literature mentionsRandomized controlled trial being conducted at two clinical centers in the United States to learn more about the effects of weight loss on urinary incontinence. About 330 overweight women aged 30 or older will participate and will be followed for 18 months. Efficacy of weight reduction as a treatment for urinary incontinence will be examined at 6 months following the intensive weight control program, and the sustained impact of the intervention will be examined at 18 months. To increase the maintenance of weight reduction and facilitate evaluation of the enduring impact of weight loss on urinary incontinence, they propose to study a motivation-based weight maintenance program. At the end of the intensive weight control program, women randomized to the weight loss program will be randomized to either a 12-month skill-based maintenance intervention or to a motivation-based maintenance intervention. The maintenance interventions maximize the potential for sustained weight loss and will allow them to determine if long-term weight reduction will produce continued improvement in urinary incontinence.
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