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IFN-γ selectively suppresses a subset of TLR4-activated genes and enhancers to potentiate macrophage activation.

Kyuho Kang | Mahesh Bachu | Sung Ho Park | Keunsoo Kang | Seyeon Bae | Kyung-Hyun Park-Min | Lionel B Ivashkiv
Nature communications | 2019

Activation of macrophage proinflammatory and antimicrobial phenotypes is regulated by IFN-γ and LPS via synergistic induction of canonical, inflammatory NF-κB target genes. However, whether IFN-γ negatively regulates components of the LPS response, and how this may affect macrophage activation, is still unclear. Here we use combined transcriptomic and epigenomic approaches to find that IFN-γ selectively abrogates LPS-induced feedback and alters macrophage metabolic pathways by suppressing TLR4-mediated gene activation. In contrast to superinduction of inflammatory genes via enhancers that bind IRF1 and STAT1, IFN-γ represses target enhancers that bind STAT3. TLR4-activated but IFN-γ-suppressed enhancers comprise two subsets discernable by differential regulation of histone acetylation and recruitment of STAT3, CDK8 and cohesin. Our findings thus show that IFN-γ suppresses feedback inhibitory and metabolic components of TLR responses to enhance macrophage activation; they also provide insights for IFN-γ-mediated selective inhibition of TLR4-induced transcription. Such inhibition can contribute to severe and sustained inflammatory responses.

Pubmed ID: 31346169

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI044938
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI046712
  • Agency: NIAMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AR050401
  • Agency: NIDCR NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 DE019420

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