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Lymphocyte innateness defined by transcriptional states reflects a balance between proliferation and effector functions.

Maria Gutierrez-Arcelus | Nikola Teslovich | Alex R Mola | Rafael B Polidoro | Aparna Nathan | Hyun Kim | Susan Hannes | Kamil Slowikowski | Gerald F M Watts | Ilya Korsunsky | Michael B Brenner | Soumya Raychaudhuri | Patrick J Brennan
Nature communications | 2019

How innate T cells (ITC), including invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cells, mucosal-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, and γδ T cells, maintain a poised effector state has been unclear. Here we address this question using low-input and single-cell RNA-seq of human lymphocyte populations. Unbiased transcriptomic analyses uncover a continuous 'innateness gradient', with adaptive T cells at one end, followed by MAIT, iNKT, γδ T and natural killer cells at the other end. Single-cell RNA-seq reveals four broad states of innateness, and heterogeneity within canonical innate and adaptive populations. Transcriptional and functional data show that innateness is characterized by pre-formed mRNA encoding effector functions, but impaired proliferation marked by decreased baseline expression of ribosomal genes. Together, our data shed new light on the poised state of ITC, in which innateness is defined by a transcriptionally-orchestrated trade-off between rapid cell growth and rapid effector function.

Pubmed ID: 30737409

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI113046
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 HG002295
  • Agency: NIAMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AR063759
  • Agency: NHGRI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U01 HG009379
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI063428
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U19 AI111224
  • Agency: NIAMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 AR007530
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U01 GM092691
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R56 AI063428
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: K08 AI102945

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