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Prevention of SIVmac251 reservoir seeding in rhesus monkeys by early antiretroviral therapy.

James B Whitney | So-Yon Lim | Christa E Osuna | Jessica L Kublin | Elsa Chen | Gyeol Yoon | Po-Ting Liu | Peter Abbink | Erica N Borducci | Alison Hill | Mark G Lewis | Romas Geleziunas | Merlin L Robb | Nelson L Michael | Dan H Barouch
Nature communications | 2018

The precise time when the viral reservoir is seeded during acute HIV-1 infection remains unclear. We previously demonstrated that the viral reservoir was seeded by day 3 following SIVmac251 infection in rhesus monkeys. Here we report the impact of initiating ART on day 0 (6 h), 1, 2, or 3 following intrarectal SIVmac251 infection in 20 rhesus monkeys (N = 5/group). After 6 months of daily suppressive ART, antiretroviral drugs were discontinued, and viral rebound was monitored. 0% (0 of 5), 20% (1 of 5), 60% (3 of 5), and 100% (5 of 5) of animals that initiated ART on days 0 (6 h), 1, 2, or 3, respectively, showed viral rebound following ART discontinuation and correlated with integrated viral DNA in lymph node CD4+ T cells. These data demonstrate that the viral reservoir is seeded within the first few days of infection and that early ART initiation limits the viral reservoir.

Pubmed ID: 30575753

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Associated grants

  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 AI007387
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P01 AI131365
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: UM1 AI126603
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U19 AI096040
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: UM1 AI124377
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: U19 AI128751
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI127089
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R56 AI122942
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R56 AI091514

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GraphPad Prism (tool)

RRID:SCR_002798

Statistical analysis software that combines scientific graphing, comprehensive curve fitting (nonlinear regression), understandable statistics, and data organization. Designed for biological research applications in pharmacology, physiology, and other biological fields for data analysis, hypothesis testing, and modeling.

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