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The fecal metabolome as a functional readout of the gut microbiome.

Jonas Zierer | Matthew A Jackson | Gabi Kastenmüller | Massimo Mangino | Tao Long | Amalio Telenti | Robert P Mohney | Kerrin S Small | Jordana T Bell | Claire J Steves | Ana M Valdes | Tim D Spector | Cristina Menni
Nature genetics | 2018

The human gut microbiome plays a key role in human health 1 , but 16S characterization lacks quantitative functional annotation 2 . The fecal metabolome provides a functional readout of microbial activity and can be used as an intermediate phenotype mediating host-microbiome interactions 3 . In this comprehensive description of the fecal metabolome, examining 1,116 metabolites from 786 individuals from a population-based twin study (TwinsUK), the fecal metabolome was found to be only modestly influenced by host genetics (heritability (H2) = 17.9%). One replicated locus at the NAT2 gene was associated with fecal metabolic traits. The fecal metabolome largely reflects gut microbial composition, explaining on average 67.7% (±18.8%) of its variance. It is strongly associated with visceral-fat mass, thereby illustrating potential mechanisms underlying the well-established microbial influence on abdominal obesity. Fecal metabolic profiling thus is a novel tool to explore links among microbiome composition, host phenotypes, and heritable complex traits.

Pubmed ID: 29808030

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Associated grants

  • Agency: Wellcome Trust, United Kingdom
  • Agency: Medical Research Council, United Kingdom
    Id: MR/N01183X/1
  • Agency: Medical Research Council, United Kingdom
    Id: MR/N030125/1

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QIIME (tool)

RRID:SCR_008249

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on February 23,2023.Software package for comparison and analysis of microbial communities, primarily based on high-throughput amplicon sequencing data, but also supporting analysis of other types of data. QIMME analyzes and transforms raw sequencing data generated on Illumina or other platforms to publication quality graphics and statistics.

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GeneNet (tool)

RRID:SCR_007678

Integrated system GeneNetWorks is designed for accumulation of experimental data, data navigation, data analysis, and analysis of dependencies in the field of gene expression regulation. It integrates the databases and programs for processing the data about structure and function of DNA, RNA, and proteins, together with the other information resources important for gene expression description. The unique property of above described system is that all the resources within the system GeneNetWorks are divided according to the natural hierarchy of molecular genetic systems and has the following levels: (1) DNA; (2) RNA; (3) proteins; and (4) gene networks. Each module contains: 1) experimental data represented as a database or some sample; 2) program for data analysis; 3) results of an automated data processing; 4) tools for the graphical representation of these data and the results of the data analyses.

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Gemma (tool)

RRID:SCR_008007

Resource for reuse, sharing and meta-analysis of expression profiling data. Database and set of tools for meta analysis, reuse and sharing of genomics data. Targeted at analysis of gene expression profiles. Users can search, access and visualize coexpression and differential expression results.

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