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Because of the industrial and medical importance of members of the fungal genus Aspergillus, there is considerable interest in the functions of cytoskeletal components in growth and secretion in these organisms. We have analyzed the genome of Aspergillus nidulans and found that there are two previously unstudied myosin genes, a myosin II homolog, myoB (product = MyoB) and a myosin V homolog, myoE (product = MyoE). Deletions of either cause significant growth defects. MyoB localizes in strings that coalesce into contractile rings at forming septa. It is critical for septation and normal deposition of chitin but not for hyphal extension. MyoE localizes to the Spitzenkörper and to moving puncta in the cytoplasm. Time-lapse imaging of SynA, a v-SNARE, reveals that in myoE deletion strains vesicles no longer localize to the Spitzenkörper. Tip morphology is slightly abnormal and branching occurs more frequently than in controls. Tip extension is slower than in controls, but because hyphal diameter is greater, growth (increase in volume/time) is only slightly reduced. Concentration of vesicles into the Spitzenkörper before incorporation into the plasma membrane is, thus, not required for hyphal growth but facilitates faster tip extension and a more normal hyphal shape.
Pubmed ID: 22359575
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Database of genetic and molecular biological information about the filamentous fungi of the genus Aspergillus including information about genes and proteins of Aspergillus nidulans and Aspergillus fumigatus; descriptions and classifications of their biological roles, molecular functions, and subcellular localizations; gene, protein, and chromosome sequence information; tools for analysis and comparison of sequences; and links to literature information; as well as a multispecies comparative genomics browser tool (Sybil) for exploration of orthology and synteny across multiple sequenced Sgenus species. Also available are Gene Ontology (GO) and community resources. Based on the Candida Genome Database, the Aspergillus Genome Database is a resource for genomic sequence data and gene and protein information for Aspergilli. Among its many species, the genus contains an excellent model organism (A. nidulans, or its teleomorph Emericella nidulans), an important pathogen of the immunocompromised (A. fumigatus), an agriculturally important toxin producer (A. flavus), and two species used in industrial processes (A. niger and A. oryzae). Search options allow you to: *Search AspGD database using keywords. *Find chromosomal features that match specific properties or annotations. *Find AspGD web pages using keywords located on the page. *Find information on one gene from many databases. *Search for keywords related to a phenotype (e.g., conidiation), an allele (such as veA1), or an experimental condition (e.g., light). Analysis and Tools allow you to: *Find similarities between a sequence of interest and Aspergillus DNA or protein sequences. *Display and analyze an Aspergillus sequence (or other sequence) in many ways. *Navigate the chromosomes set. View nucleotide and protein sequence. *Find short DNA/protein sequence matches in Aspergillus. *Design sequencing and PCR primers for Aspergillus or other input sequences. *Display the restriction map for a Aspergillus or other input sequence. *Find similarities between a sequence of interest and fungal nucleotide or protein sequences. AspGD welcomes data submissions.
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