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Complete congenital stationary night blindness (cCSNB) is a clinically and genetically heterogeneous group of retinal disorders characterized by nonprogressive impairment of night vision, absence of the electroretinogram (ERG) b-wave, and variable degrees of involvement of other visual functions. We report here that mutations in GPR179, encoding an orphan G protein receptor, underlie a form of autosomal-recessive cCSNB. The Gpr179(nob5/nob5) mouse model was initially discovered by the absence of the ERG b-wave, a component that reflects depolarizing bipolar cell (DBC) function. We performed genetic mapping, followed by next-generation sequencing of the critical region and detected a large transposon-like DNA insertion in Gpr179. The involvement of GPR179 in DBC function was confirmed in zebrafish and humans. Functional knockdown of gpr179 in zebrafish led to a marked reduction in the amplitude of the ERG b-wave. Candidate gene analysis of GPR179 in DNA extracted from patients with cCSNB identified GPR179-inactivating mutations in two patients. We developed an antibody against mouse GPR179, which robustly labeled DBC dendritic terminals in wild-type mice. This labeling colocalized with the expression of GRM6 and was absent in Gpr179(nob5/nob5) mutant mice. Our results demonstrate that GPR179 plays a critical role in DBC signal transduction and expands our understanding of the mechanisms that mediate normal rod vision.
Pubmed ID: 22325362
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Online catalog of human genes and genetic disorders, for clinical features, phenotypes and genes. Collection of human genes and genetic phenotypes, focusing on relationship between phenotype and genotype. Referenced overviews in OMIM contain information on all known mendelian disorders and variety of related genes. It is updated daily, and entries contain copious links to other genetics resources.
View all literature mentionsThe Society aims to foster discovery and characterization of genomic variations including population distribution and phenotypic associations. We promote collection, documentation and free distribution of genomic variation information and associated clinical variations and endeavor to foster the development of the necessary methodology and informatics. Mission Statement To enhance human health through identification and characterization of changes in the genome that lead to susceptibility to illness. To this end, to collate the genomic information necessary for molecular diagnosis, research on basic mechanisms and design of treatments of human ailments. Society Journal Human Mutation is the Society journal. Members will receive a reduced subscription to the journal if they choose to subscribe. Meetings The Society holds two scientific meetings per year. One as a satellite to either the HUGO (Human Genome Organization) annual meeting or the ESHG (European Society of Human Genetics) annual meeting and one meeting is a satellite to the ASHG (American Society of Human Genetics annual meeting. The meetings are a forum for scientists to exchange ideas and form collaborations. Prominent speakers in the field are invited as well as a call for abstracts at large. The meetings are designed to update and increase knowledge of human genome variation and generally attract a stimulating and interesting collection of abstracts in all fields of human genome variation making it an ideal forum to share information and results. Past themes include: copy number variation, pathogenic or not?, pharmacogenomics, new DNA sequencing technologies, and genotype to pheontype relationships. We invite members and non-members alike to attend these meetings. The Society holds the Annual General Meeting of the members after the scientific meeting that is a satellite of the ASHG. Exhibitor''s booths The Society usually takes out an Exhibitor''s booth at the American & European Societies of Human Genetics annual meetings and sometimes the HUGO HGM meeting. GUIDELINES & RECOMMENDATIONS Members of the Society have formulated Guidelines & Recommendations on a number of topics, but especially for nomenclature of gene variations and guidelines on variation databases.
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