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While grammatical aspects of language are preserved, executive deficits are prominent in Lewy body spectrum disorder (LBSD), including Parkinson's disease (PD), Parkinson's dementia (PDD) and dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). We examined executive control during sentence processing in LBSD by assessing temporary structural ambiguities. Using an on-line word detection procedure, patients heard sentences with a syntactic structure that has high-compatibility or low-compatibility with the main verb's statistically preferred syntactic structure, and half of the sentences were lengthened strategically between the onset of the ambiguity and its resolution. We found selectively slowed processing of lengthened ambiguous sentences in the PDD/DLB subgroup. This correlated with impairments on measures of executive control. Regression analyses related the working memory deficit during ambiguous sentence processing to significant cortical thinning in frontal and parietal regions. These findings emphasize the role of prefrontal disease in the executive limitations that interfere with processing ambiguous sentences in LBSD.
Pubmed ID: 21962945
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THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE. Documented on January 11, 2023. Software package designed to enable researchers with advanced tools for brain and image mapping. Many of the ANTS registration tools are diffeomorphic*, but deformation (elastic and BSpline) transformations are available. Unique components of ANTS include multivariate similarity metrics, landmark guidance, the ability to use label images to guide the mapping and both greedy and space-time optimal implementations of diffeomorphisms. The symmetric normalization (SyN) strategy is a part of the ANTS toolkit as is directly manipulated free form deformation (DMFFD). *Diffeomorphism: a differentiable map with differentiable inverse. In general, these maps are generated by integrating a time-dependent velocity field. ANTS Applications: * Gray matter morphometry based on the jacobian and/or cortical thickness. * Group and single-subject optimal templates. * Multivariate DT + T1 brain templates and group studies. * Longitudinal brain mapping -- special similarity metric options. * Neonatal and pediatric brain segmentation. * Pediatric brain mapping. * T1 brain mapping guided by tractography and connectivity. * Diffusion tensor registration based on scalar or connectivity data. * Brain mapping in the presence of lesions. * Lung and pulmonary tree registration. * User-guided hippocampus labeling, also of sub-fields. * Group studies and statistical analysis of cortical thickness, white matter volume, diffusion tensor-derived metrics such as fractional anisotropy and mean diffusion.
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