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Direct optic nerve pulvinar connections defined by diffusion MR tractography in humans: implications for photophobia.

Nasim Maleki | Lino Becerra | Jaymin Upadhyay | Rami Burstein | David Borsook
Human brain mapping | 2012

The pathway that underlies exacerbation of migraine headache by light has not been elucidated in the human brain but has recently been reported in a rodent model. We employ diffusion weighted imaging and probabilistic tractography to map connectivity of direct pathways from the optic nerve to the pulvinar implicated with whole-body allodynia during migraine. Nine healthy subjects were recruited to the study and underwent scanning on a 3T magnet. We were able to define well-known image-forming (optic nerve -> lateral geniculate -> visual cortex) as well as a less known nonimage forming visual pathway from the optic chiasm to the pulvinar, and from the pulvinar to several associative cortical brain regions. Such pathway may allow photic signals to converge on a thalamic region we described recently to be selectively activated during migraine headache. Consistent with physiological and anatomical studies in rats, the data provide an anatomical substrate for exacerbation of migraine headache by light in the human.

Pubmed ID: 21337474

Research resources used in this publication

None found

Antibodies used in this publication

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Associated grants

  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: K24 NS064050
  • Agency: NINDS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R37 NS079678

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FreeSurfer (tool)

RRID:SCR_001847

Open source software suite for processing and analyzing human brain MRI images. Used for reconstruction of brain cortical surface from structural MRI data, and overlay of functional MRI data onto reconstructed surface. Contains automatic structural imaging stream for processing cross sectional and longitudinal data. Provides anatomical analysis tools, including: representation of cortical surface between white and gray matter, representation of the pial surface, segmentation of white matter from rest of brain, skull stripping, B1 bias field correction, nonlinear registration of cortical surface of individual with stereotaxic atlas, labeling of regions of cortical surface, statistical analysis of group morphometry differences, and labeling of subcortical brain structures.Operating System: Linux, macOS.

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Johns Hopkins Laboratory of Brain Anatomical MRI (tool)

RRID:SCR_005280

The goal of our laboratory is to develop new MR technologies to improve the resolution and contrast of MRI and apply them to observe brain anatomy to answer various types of biological questions. Currently we have three major research targets: Characterization of mouse brain development; Human white matter anatomy and development; and Development of diffusion tensor imaging technique and technology dissemination. The DTI database (Under the DTI Download Tab) contains raw and processed DTI data of normal population. Currently we have 2.5 mm isotropic resolution images and 2.2 mm isotropic resolution images. Only 2.5 mm data are available from this site. If you are interested in the high-resolution images, please contact susumu @ mri.jhu.edu. This database is open to public once the user is registered. Basic imaging parameters can be also downloaded.

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RRID:SCR_007275

In this atlas you can view axial sections stained for cell bodies or for nerve fibers, at six rostro-caudal levels of the human brain stem. The creators of the site encourage the use of the data and it is available freely, but ask that they be contacted before any use. This site contains a series of axial sections stained for cell bodies or fibers at six rostro-caudal levels of the human brain stem. Sections are labeled for approximately 50 structures and are searchable through a web interface. For each level, a fiber and cell stain is provided. Labels may be turned on or off.

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BrainNavigator (tool)

RRID:SCR_008289

THIS RESOURCE IS NO LONGER IN SERVICE, documented December 31, 2013. An interactive atlas and 3D brain software for research, structure analysis, and education, it offers six atlases representing four species: the mouse, rat, monkey and human. The stereotaxic coordinates atlases are available for all four species and the rodent models have additional chemoarchitectonic atlases. BrainNavigator helps locate specific areas of the brain, making visualizing and experimental planning in the brain easier. *Plan: Browse 6 Atlases, Visualize with 3D models, Search Literature, Analyze gene expression, Identify connections *Publish: Access reference tools, Use and print images for publication, Search literature *Propose: Use and print images for proposals, Search literature, Locate gene expression in 2D and 3D, Identify connections *Produce: Simulate injections, Customize new coordinates, virtually slice sections, overlay atlas maps on your own images, create personal atlas maps With BrainNavigator, you''ll gain 24/7 access to their powerful 3D brain interactive software tool that helps further research in the neurosciences. In addition, their vast library of widely respected and referenced brain publications will provide a plethora of information on the most current brain research available. As publisher of the gold standard in brain atlas publications authored by the team around the leading brain cartographers George Paxinos and Charles Watson, they are pleased to bring an advanced tool to today''s neuroscientists and educators. Combining atlas content and 3D capabilities based on technologies from the Allen Institute for Brain Science, this online workflow solution brings brain research, analysis and education tools to your fingertips.

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