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Obesity-related diseases such as diabetes, hypertension, dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular diseases have increased due to the obesity epidemic. Early intervention for obesity through lifestyle and nutrition plays an important role in preventing obesity-related diseases. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to explore the role of leucine and exercise in adiposity, systemic insulin resistance, and inflammation to provide theoretical and guiding basis for the early prevention and treatment of obesity.
Background and aim: Granulocyte-colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is highly beneficial as a general treatment for anti-thyroid drug (ATD)-induced agranulocytosis. This meta-analysis aimed to assess the clinical effects of G-CSF and non-G-CSF on recovery duration in patients with ATD-induced agranulocytosis by analyzing the overall clinical outcomes. Methods: The PubMed, Embase, Ovid, Cochrane, Google Scholar, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases were searched for published studies from 1900 to 2018. No language restriction was implemented. Results: This meta-analysis included 10 published retrospective studies and one prospective study. Data were obtained from 11 trials (474 patients: 247 with G-CSF and 227 with non-G-CSF treatment). Compared with the non-G-CSF group, the G-CSF group presented shorter recovery duration [weighted mean difference (WMD) = -3.04 days, 95% confidence interval (95% CI): -4.38 to -1.69 (Z = 4.43 P = 0.000)]. However, the recovery duration varied across regions and recovery criteria. Asian patients achieved significant clinical outcomes [WMD = -3.16 days (95% CI: -4.58 to -1.74, P = 0.000)] compared with European and South American patients [WMD = -2.19 days (95% CI: -7.38 to 3.01, P = 0.409)]. Also, according to various recovery criteria, a duration of granulocyte count increase of more than 1.5 or 1.0 × 109/L [WMD = -3.50 days (95% CI: -4.82 to -2.18, P = 0.000)] revealed a better treatment effect. Conclusion: G-CSF can significantly shorten the recovery duration in patients with ATD-induced agranulocytosis.
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