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On page 1 showing 1 ~ 2 papers out of 2 papers

Dietary tryptophan deficiency promotes gut RORγt+ Treg cells at the expense of Gata3+ Treg cells and alters commensal microbiota metabolism.

  • Lucille C Rankin‎ et al.
  • Cell reports‎
  • 2023‎

Micronutrient deficiency is a major cause of disease throughout the world. Yet, how perturbations influence the immune-microbiome interface remains poorly understood. Here, we report that loss of dietary tryptophan (Trp) reshapes intestinal microbial communities, including the depletion of probiotic L. reuteri, drives transcriptional changes to immune response genes in the intestinal ileum, and reshapes the regulatory T cell (Treg) compartment. Dietary Trp deficiency promotes expansion of RORγt+ Treg cells and the loss of Gata3+ Tregs in a microbiota-dependent manner. In the absence of dietary Trp, provision of the AhR ligand indole-3-carbinol is sufficient to restore the Treg compartment. Together, these data show that dietary Trp deficiency perturbs the interaction between the host and its bacterial symbionts to regulate Treg homeostasis via the deprivation of bacterially derived Trp metabolites. Our findings highlight an essential role for immune-microbiome crosstalk as a key homeostatic regulator during nutrient deficiency.


Intrathymic differentiation of natural antibody-producing plasma cells in human neonates.

  • Hector Cordero‎ et al.
  • Nature communications‎
  • 2021‎

The thymus is a central lymphoid organ primarily responsible for the development of T cells. A small proportion of B cells, however, also reside in the thymus to assist negative selection of self-reactive T cells. Here we show that the thymus of human neonates contains a consistent contingent of CD138+ plasma cells, producing all classes and subclasses of immunoglobulins with the exception of IgD. These antibody-secreting cells are part of a larger subset of B cells that share the expression of signature genes defining mouse B1 cells, yet lack the expression of complement receptors CD21 and CD35. Data from single-cell transcriptomic, clonal correspondence and in vitro differentiation assays support the notion of intrathymic CD138+ plasma cell differentiation, alongside other B cell subsets with distinctive molecular phenotypes. Lastly, neonatal thymic plasma cells also include clones reactive to commensal and pathogenic bacteria that commonly infect children born with antibody deficiency. Thus, our findings point to the thymus as a source of innate humoral immunity in human neonates.


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