To quantify shoulder motion during Codman pendulum exercises.

Rotator cuff injuries are a leading cause of shoulder disability among adults. Surgical intervention is a common treatment modality; however, conservative management has been described for the treatment of rotator cuff tears. As the cost of health care increases, the industry has shifted to optimizing patient outcomes, reducing readmissions, and reducing expenditure. In 2010, the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons created clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) to guide the management of rotator cuff injuries. Since their publication, there have been several randomized controlled trials assessing the management of rotator cuff injuries.

Previous attempts to measure lateralization, distalization or inclination after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) and to correlate them with clinical outcomes have been made in the past years. However, this is considered to be too demanding and challenging for daily clinical practice. Additionally, the reported findings were obtained from heterogeneous rTSA cohorts using 145° and 155° designs and are limited in external validity. The purpose of this study was to investigate the prognostic preoperative and postoperative radiographic factors affecting clinical outcomes in patients following rTSA using a 135° prosthesis design. In a multi-center design, patients undergoing primary rTSA using a 135° design were included. Radiographic analysis included center of rotation (COR), acromiohumeral distance (AHD), lateral humeral offset (LHO), distalization shoulder angle (DSA), lateralization shoulder angle (LSA), critical shoulder angle (CSA), and glenoid and baseplate inclination. Radiographic measurements were correlated to clinical and functional outcomes, including the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES), Simple Shoulder Test (STT), Single Assessment Numeric Evaluation (SANE), and Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) score, active forward elevation (AFE), external rotation (AER), and abduction (AABD), at a minimum 2-year follow-up. There was a significant correlation between both DSA (r = 0.299; p = 0.020) and LSA (r = -0.276; p = 0.033) and the degree of AFE at final follow-up. However, no correlation between DSA (r = 0.133; p = 0.317) and LSA (r = -0.096; p = 0.471) and AER was observed. Postoperative AHD demonstrated a significant correlation with final AFE (r = 0.398; p = 0.002) and SST (r = 0.293; p = 0.025). Further, postoperative LHO showed a significant correlation with ASES (r = -0.281; p = 0.030) and LSA showed a significant correlation with ASES (r = -0.327; p = 0.011), SANE (r = -0.308, p = 0.012), SST (r = -0.410; p = 0.001), and VAS (r = 0.272; p = 0.034) at terminal follow-up. All other correlations were found to be non-significant (p > 0.05, respectively). Negligible correlations between pre- and postoperative radiographic measurements and clinical outcomes following primary rTSA using a 135° prosthesis design were demonstrated; however, these observations are of limited predictive value for outcomes following rTSA. Subsequently, there remains a debate regarding the ideal placement of the components during rTSA to most sufficiently restore active ROM while minimizing complications such as component loosening and scapular notching. Additionally, as the data from this study show, there is still a considerable lack of data in assessing radiographic prosthesis positioning in correlation to clinical outcomes. As such, the importance of radiographic measurements and their correlation with clinical and functional outcomes following rTSA may be limited.

Kinematic changes of the scapulothoracic joint may influence the relative position of the glenoid fossa and, consequently, the glenohumeral joint. As the alignment of the scapula relative to the thorax differs between individuals, such variability may be another factor in the development of posterior head subluxation. The purpose of this study was to compare scapulothoracic alignment in pathologic type B shoulders with contralateral healthy shoulders.

The impact of preoperative fatty infiltration of specific rotator cuff muscles on the outcomes of reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) has not been well defined. Preoperative fatty infiltration of the shoulder musculature will negatively affect rTSA outcomes.

To examine the results, level of evidence, and methodologic quality of original studies regarding surgical mask effectiveness in minimizing viral respiratory illness transmission, and, in particular, the performance of the N95 respirator versus surgical mask.

Total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) is an effective treatment option for glenohumeral arthritis. Historically, this surgical procedure was performed on an inpatient basis. There has been a recent trend in performing TSA on an outpatient basis in the proper candidates.

In the field of arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR), reporting standards of published studies differ dramatically, notably concerning adverse events (AEs). In addition, prognostic studies are overall methodologically poor, based on small data sets and explore only limited numbers of influencing factors. We aim to develop prognostic models for individual ARCR patients, primarily for the patient-reported assessment of shoulder function (Oxford Shoulder Score (OSS)) and the occurrence of shoulder stiffness 6 months after surgery. We also aim to evaluate the use of a consensus core event set (CES) for AEs and validate a severity classification for these events, considering the patient's perspective.

Tranexamic acid (TXA) is an antifibrinolytic that has been shown to decrease blood loss and transfusion rates after hip and knee arthroplasty, with only limited evidence to support its use in shoulder arthroplasty. This study was conducted to determine whether intravenous (IV) TXA is more effective than placebo in reducing blood loss after primary total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA).

The incidence of rotator cuff repairs has risen dramatically over the past 10 years, most notably in the working-class population. Return to work (RTW) is a valuable outcome measure to set patient expectations before surgery.

Humeral stem length in anatomic total shoulder arthroplasty (TSA) continues to decrease in an attempt to preserve bone. Outcomes following short-stem TSA are not well documented. The purpose was to systematically review and report the outcomes and revisions following short-stem humeral implants for TSA.

The purpose of this study was to analyze the publication rate for abstracts presented at podium presentations from the American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons (ASES) annual open and closed meetings from 2008 to 2012.

Rotator cuff pathology is the most common cause of shoulder pain in adults, accounting for nearly 70% of shoulder-related visits to clinicians. However, physical examination findings may be limited because of pain or patient inhibition.

A variety of thrower's exostoses are grouped under the term Bennett lesion, which makes understanding diagnosis and treatment difficult.

Our purpose was to compare the output of glenoid measurements with 2 commercially available preoperative 3-dimensional (3D) total shoulder arthroplasty planning systems. The hypothesis was that there would be no difference in product-derived measurements between the systems.

Worldwide, more than 100 million women between the ages of 15 and 49 years take oral contraceptive pills (OCPs). OCP use increases the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE) through its primary drug, ethinylestradiol, which slows liver metabolism, promotes tissue retention, and ultimately favors fibrinolysis inhibition and thrombosis.

The ability to return to elite pitching, performance, and clinical outcomes of shoulder surgery in elite baseball pitchers are not definitively established.

Despite the fact that surgery is commonly used to treat glenohumeral instability, there is no evidence that such treatment effectively corrects glenohumeral translation. The purpose of this prospective clinical study was to analyze the effect of surgical stabilization on glenohumeral translation.Glenohumeral translation was assessed in 11 patients preoperatively and 1 year postoperatively following surgical stabilization for anterior shoulder instability. Translation was measured using optical motion capture and computed tomography.Preoperatively, anterior translation of the affected shoulder was bigger in comparison to the normal contralateral side. Differences were significant for flexion and abduction movements (P < 0.001). Postoperatively, no patients demonstrated apprehension and all functional scores were improved. Despite absence of apprehension, postoperative anterior translation for the surgically stabilized shoulders was not significantly different from the preoperative values.While surgical treatment for anterior instability limits the chance of dislocation, it does not seem to restore glenohumeral translation during functional range of motion. Such persistent microinstability may explain residual pain, apprehension, inability to return to activity and even emergence of dislocation arthropathy that is seen in some patients. Further research is necessary to better understand the causes, effects, and treatment of residual microinstability following surgical stabilization of the shoulder.

The biomechanical properties of coracoid fixation with a miniplate during the Latarjet procedure have not been described.

To determine the impact of training on a virtual reality arthroscopy simulator on both simulator and cadaveric performance in novice trainees.