We report on a patient with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) with contrecoup injury of the prefronto-thalamic tract (PTT), as demonstrated by diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

Lateral medullary syndrome is a central vestibular disorder characterized by vertigo and ataxia. We report on a patient with injury of the lateral vestibulospinal tract (VST) following lateral medullary syndrome, detected on diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

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BACKGROUND The pathophysiology of traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage and brain injury has not been fully elucidated. In this study, we examined abnormalities of white matter in isolated traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients by applying tract-based spatial statistics. MATERIAL AND METHODS For this study, 10 isolated traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients and 10 age- and sex-matched healthy control subjects were recruited. Fractional anisotropy data voxel-wise statistical analyses were conducted through the tract-based spatial statistics as implemented in the FMRIB Software Library. Depending on the intersection between the fractional anisotropy skeleton and the probabilistic white matter atlases of Johns Hopkins University, we calculated mean fractional anisotropy values within the entire tract skeleton and 48 regions of interest. RESULTS The fractional anisotropy values for 19 of 48 regions of interest showed significant divergences (P<0.05) between the patient group and control group. The regions showing significant differences included the corpus callosum and its adjacent neural structures, the brainstem and its adjacent neural structures, and the subcortical white matter that passes the long neural tract. CONCLUSIONS The results demonstrated abnormalities of white matter in traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients, and the abnormality locations are compatible with areas that are vulnerable to diffuse axonal injury. Based on these results, traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage patients also exhibit diffuse axonal injuries; thus, traumatic subarachnoid hemorrhage could be an indicator of the presence of severe brain injuries associated with acute or excessive mechanical forces.

We investigated differences in corpus callosum (CC) injuries between patients with concussion and those with diffuse axonal injury (DAI) by using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

We report a stroke patient who showed increased thalamocortical connectivity to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) with recovery of impaired consciousness that was demonstrated on diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS).

The prefrontothalamic tract (PTT) injury is associated with various neuropsychological impairments including cognitive impairment. We report on three women with hemorrhagic stroke who showed changes in the PTT following cranioplasty (C/P) using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) images.

Many studies using diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) have demonstrated traumatic axonal injury (TAI) in patients whose conventional brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) results are negative following head trauma. Injury mechanism for TAI in these patients has been mainly associated with motor vehicle accident, whereas very little is known about TAI by violence.

We report on restoration of the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS), compressed by an intracerebral hematoma and perihematomal edema following a stroke. The restoration of the ARAS was demonstrated by diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

We investigated injuries of the optic radiations (ORs) in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) by using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

We investigated the relationship between consciousness and the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) by using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).

We report on a patient with traumatic brain injury who showed motor recovery concurrent with recovery of injured corticofugal tracts (CFTs), diagnosed by diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

We investigated differences in recovery course of motor weakness according to the state of the corticospinal tract (CST) in putaminal hemorrhage, using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

We investigated differences in the ascending reticular activating system (ARAS) injuries between patients with mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) and cerebral concussion by using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

We report on a patient with a mild traumatic brain injury (TBI) who developed abdominal pain due to spinothalamic tract (STT) injuries revealed by diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

We report on a patient whose arcuate fasciculus (AF) and corticobulbar tract (CBT) recovered following an infarct in the middle cerebral artery (MCA) territory, demonstrated on serial diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

We report on a patient who developed limb-kinetic apraxia (LKA) due to an injured corticofugal tract (CFT) from the secondary motor area following mild traumatic brain injury (TBI), demonstrated on diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

Little is known about optic radiation (OR) injury following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). In the current study, we report on a patient who showed a visual field defect and injury of the OR following aneurysmal SAH, using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT).

The role of the arcuate fasciculus (AF) in the dominant hemisphere in stroke patients with aphasia has not been clearly elucidated. We investigated the relation between language function and diffusion tensor tractography (DTT) findings for the left AF in chronic stroke patients with aphasia.

The cortico-ponto-cerebellar tract (CPCT) is involved in coordination of movement; injury of the CPCT can therefore be accompanied by ataxia. In this study, using diffusion tensor tractography (DTT), we investigated injury of the CPCT in patients with mild traumatic brain injury (TBI).