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Total 422235 Results
| Label | Description | ILX | Version | Created CID | Modified Time | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N6-(2(3,5-dimethoxyphenyl)-2-(2-methylphenyl)ethyl)-adenosine | ILX:0107281 | 3 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex | |
| N6-(3-iodobenzyl)-5'-(N-methylcarbamoyl)adenosine | ILX:0107282 | 4 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 08/24/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | troy sincomb | |
| N6-cyclohexyladenosine | ILX:0107283 | 3 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex | |
| N6-cyclopentyladenosine | ILX:0107284 | 3 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex | |
| Nabilone | Nabilone is a synthetic cannabinoid with therapeutic use as an antiemetic and as an adjunct analgesic for neuropathic pain. It is a synthetic cannabinoid, which mimics the main ingredient of marijuana (THC) but it has more predictable side effects and causes no or minimal euphoria. Nabilone is not derived from the cannabis plant as is dronabinol.In Canada, the United States, the United Kingdom and Mexico, nabilone is marketed as Cesamet. It was approved in 1985 by the United States FDA for treatment of chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting that has not responded to conventional antiemetics. Though it was approved by the FDA in 1985, the drug only began marketing in the United States in 2006. It is also approved for use in treatment of anorexia and weight loss in patients with AIDS.Although it doesn't have the official indication (except in Mexico), nabilone is widely used as an adjunct therapy for chronic pain management. Numerous trials and case studies have demonstrate various benefits for condition such as fibromyalgia and multiple scerosis.Nabilone is a racemate consisting of the (S,S) and the (R,R) isomers ("trans"). Pharmacology: Nabilone is a cannabinoid with therapeutic uses. It is an analog of dronabinol (also known as tetrahydrocannabinol or THC), the psychoactive ingredient in cannabis. It is reserved for use in individuals who do not respond to the more commonly used anti-emetics. This is mainly because cannabinoids have potential adverse effects similar to that of cannabis and may cause changes in mood and behaviour. Mechanism of action: The mode of action of nabilone has been studied in cats and dogs. Although its anti-emetic action is not yet fully understood, it is apparent that there are a number of points in the control systems of the body at which Nabilone could block the emetic mechanism. It is likely that nabilone exerts its actions via binding to the cannabinoid receptors. Drug type: Approved. Investigational. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anti-anxiety Agents. Antiemetics | ILX:0107285 | 4 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 08/24/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | troy sincomb |
| Nabumetone | Nabumetone is a non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug of the arylalkanoic acid family (which includes diclofenac). Marketed under the brand name Relafen, it has been shown to have a slightly lower risk of gastrointestinal side effects than most other non-selective NSAID's. Pharmacology: Nabumetone is a naphthylalkanone. It is a nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) that exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic properties in pharmacologic studies. As with other nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents, its mode of action is not known. However, the ability to inhibit prostaglandin synthesis may be involved in the anti-inflammatory effect. Mechanism of action: The parent compound is a prodrug, which undergoes hepatic biotransformation to the active component, 6-methoxy-2-naphthylacetic acid (6MNA), that is a potent inhibitor of prostaglandin synthesis, most likely through binding to the COX-1 and COX-2 receptors. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal. Antineoplastic Agents | ILX:0107286 | 4 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 08/24/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | troy sincomb |
| Nadolol | A non-selective beta-adrenergic antagonist with a long half-life, used in cardiovascular disease to treat arrhythmias, angina pectoris, and hypertension. Nadolol is also used for migraine disorders and for tremor. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Nadolol is a nonselective beta-adrenergic receptor antagonist with a long half-life, and is structurally similar to propranolol. Clinical pharmacology studies have demonstrated beta-blocking activity by showing (1) reduction in heart rate and cardiac output at rest and on exercise, (2) reduction of systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest and on exercise, (3) inhibition of isoproterenol-induced tachycardia, and (4) reduction of reflex orthostatic tachycardia. Nadolol has no intrinsic sympathomimetic activity and, unlike some other beta-adrenergic blocking agents, nadolol has little direct myocardial depressant activity and does not have an anesthetic-like membrane-stabilizing action. Mechanism of action: Like other beta-adrenergic antagonists, nadolol competes with adrenergic neurotransmitters such as catecholamines for binding at sympathetic receptor sites. Like propranolol and timolol, nadolol binds at beta(1)-adrenergic receptors in the heart and vascular smooth muscle, inhibiting the effects of the catecholamines epinephrine and norepinephrine and decreasing heart rate, cardiac output, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure. It also blocks beta-2 adrenergic receptors located in bronchiole smooth muscle, causing vasoconstriction. By binding beta-2 receptors in the juxtaglomerular apparatus, nadolol inhibits the production of renin, thereby inhibiting angiotensin II and aldosterone production. Nadolol therefore inhibits the vasoconstriction and water retention due to angiotensin II and aldosterone, respectively. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Adrenergic beta-Antagonists. Anti-Arrhythmia Agents. Antihypertensive Agents. Sympatholytics | ILX:0107287 | 3 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Nafcillin | A semi-synthetic antibiotic related to penicillin. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Nafcillin is a semisynthetic antibiotic substance derived from 6-amino-penicillanic acid. The drugs in this class are highly resistant to inactivation by staphylococcal penicillinase and are active against penicillinase-producing and non penicillinase-producing strains of Staphylococcus aureus. The penicillinase- resistant penicillins are active in vitro against a variety of other bacteria. Mechanism of action: Penicillinase-resistant penicillins exert a bactericidal action against penicillin-susceptible microorganisms during the state of active multiplication. All penicillins inhibit the biosynthesis of the bacterial cell wall. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anti-Bacterial Agents. Penicillins | ILX:0107288 | 3 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Naftifine | Naftifine is a synthetic, broad spectrum, antifungal agent and allylamine derivative for the topical treatment of tinea pedis, tinea cruris, and tinea corporis caused by the organisms Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton tonsurans and Epidermophyton floccosum. Pharmacology: Naftifine is a synthetic, broad spectrum, antifungal agent and allylamine derivative. The following in vitro data are available, but their clinical significance is unknown. Naftifine has been shown to exhibit fungicidal activity in vitro against a broad spectrum of organisms including Trichophyton rubrum, Trichophyton mentagrophytes, Trichophyton tonsurans, Epidermophyton floccosum, and Microsporum canis, Microsporum audouini, and Microsporum gypseum; and fungistatic activity against Candida species including Candida albicans. However it is only used to treat the organisms listed in the indications. Mechanism of action: Although the exact mechanism of action against fungi is not known, naftifine appears to interfere with sterol biosynthesis by inhibiting the enzyme squalene 2,3-epoxidase. This inhibition of enzyme activity results in decreased amounts of sterols, especially ergosterol, and a corresponding accumulation of squalene in the cells. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal. Antifungal Agents | ILX:0107289 | 3 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Nalbuphine | A narcotic used as a pain medication. It appears to be an agonist at kappa opioid receptors and an antagonist or partial agonist at mu opioid receptors. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Nalbuphine is a synthetic opioid agonist-antagonist analgesic of the phenanthrene series. Nalbuphine's analgesic potency is essentially equivalent to that of morphine on a milligram basis. The opioid antagonist activity of nalbuphine is one-fourth as potent as nalorphine and 10 times that of pentazocine. Nalbuphine by itself has potent opioid antagonist activity at doses equal to or lower than its analgesic dose. When administered following or concurrent with mu agonist opioid analgesics (e.g., morphine, oxymorphone, fentanyl), nalbuphine may partially reverse or block opioid-induced respiratory depression from the mu agonist analgesic. Nalbuphine may precipitate withdrawal in patients dependent on opioid drugs. Nalbuphine should be used with caution in patients who have been receiving mu opioid analgesics on a regular basis. Mechanism of action: Receptor studies show that nalbuphine exerts its action via binding to mu, kappa, and delta receptors, but not to sigma receptors. Nalbuphine is primarily a kappa agonist/partial mu antagonist analgesic. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Analgesics, Opioid. Narcotic Antagonists. Narcotics | ILX:0107290 | 4 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 08/24/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | troy sincomb |
| Nalidixic Acid | A synthetic 1,8-naphthyridine antimicrobial agent with a limited bacteriocidal spectrum. It is an inhibitor of the A subunit of bacterial DNA gyrase. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Nalidixic acid is a quinolone antibacterial agent for oral administration. Nalidixic acid has marked antibacterial activity against gram-negative bacteria including Enterobacter species, Escherichia coli, Morganella Morganii; Proteus Mirabilis, Proteus vulgaris, and Providencia rettgeri. Pseudomonas species are generally resistant to the drug. Nalidixic acid is bactericidal and is effective over the entire urinary pH range. Conventional chromosomal resistance to nalidixic acid taken in full dosage has been reported to emerge in approximately 2 to 14 percent of patients during treatment; however, bacterial resistance to nalidixic acid has not been shown to be transferable via R factor. Mechanism of action: Evidence exists that the active metabolite, hydroxynalidixic acid, binds strongly, but reversibly, to DNA, interfering with synthesis of RNA and, consequently, with protein synthesis. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anti-Infective Agents. Enzyme Inhibitors. Nucleic Acid Synthesis Inhibitors | ILX:0107291 | 3 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Naloxone | A specific opiate antagonist that has no agonist activity. It is a competitive antagonist at mu, delta, and kappa opioid receptors. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Naloxone is an opiate antagonist and prevents or reverses the effects of opioids including respiratory depression, sedation and hypotension. Also, it can reverse the psychotomimetic and dysphoric effects of agonist-antagonists such as pentazocine. Naloxone is an essentially pure narcotic antagonist, i.e., it does not possess the "agonistic" or morphine-like properties characteristic of other narcotic antagonists; naloxone does not produce respiratory depression, psychotomimetic effects or pupillary constriction. In the absence of narcotics or agonistic effects of other narcotic antagonists, it exhibits essentially no pharmacologic activity. Mechanism of action: While the mechanism of action of naloxone is not fully understood, the preponderance of evidence suggests that naloxone antagonizes the opioid effects by competing for the same receptor sites, especially the opioid mu receptor. Recently, naloxone has been shown to bind all three opioid receptors (mu, kappa and gamma) but the strongest binding is to the mu receptor. Drug type: Approved. Small Molecule. Drug category: Antinarcotic Agents. Depressants. Narcotic Antagonists. Opiate Antagonists | ILX:0107292 | 4 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 08/24/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | troy sincomb |
| Naltrexone | Derivative of noroxymorphone that is the N-cyclopropylmethyl congener of naloxone. It is a narcotic antagonist that is effective orally, longer lasting and more potent than naloxone, and has been proposed for the treatment of heroin addiction. The FDA has approved naltrexone for the treatment of alcohol dependence. (PubChem) Pharmacology: Naltrexone, a pure opioid antagonist, is a synthetic congener of oxymorphone with no opioid agonist properties. Naltrexone is indicated in the treatment of alcohol dependence and for the blockade of the effects of exogenously administered opioids. It markedly attenuates or completely blocks, reversibly, the subjective effects of intravenously administered opioids. When co-administered with morphine, on a chronic basis, naltrexone blocks the physical dependence to morphine, heroin and other opioids. In subjects physically dependent on opioids, naltrexone will precipitate withdrawal symptomatology. Mechanism of action: Naltrexone binds to the opioid mu receptor antagonistically, thereby preventing conventional opiate (heroin, morphine) drugs from binding and inducing opioid neural responses. The mechanism of action of naltrexone in alcoholism is not understood; however, involvement of the endogenous opioid system is suggested by preclinical data. Naltrexone competitively binds to such receptors and may block the effects of endogenous opioids. Drug type: Approved. Investigational. Small Molecule. Drug category: Alcohol Antagonists. Anti-craving Agents. Depressants. Narcotic Antagonists. Opiate Antagonists | ILX:0107293 | 3 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Name of Physicians Reading Study | Names of the physician(s) reading the Study. | ILX:0107294 | 5 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 08/28/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | troy sincomb |
| Named entity recognition | Recognise named entities, ontology concepts, tags, events, and dictionary terms within documents. | ILX:0107295 | 5 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 08/01/2022 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Names of Intended Recipients of Results | Names of the physicians, who are intended recipients of results. | ILX:0107296 | 4 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Naming (Covert) | Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them silently. | ILX:0107297 | 4 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Naming (Overt) | Subjects view objects (pictures, line drawings, etc.) and name them aloud. | ILX:0107298 | 4 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Naming service | A service that provides a unique name, e.g. for a gene, an organism | ILX:0107299 | 3 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
| Nandrolone | C18 steroid with androgenic and anabolic properties. It is generally prepared from alkyl ethers of estradiol to resemble testosterone but less one carbon at the 19 position. Pharmacology: Nandrolone is an anabolic steroid occurring naturally in the human body, albeit in small quantities. Nandrolone increases production and urinary excretion of erythropoietin. It may also have a direct action on bone marrow. Nandrolone binds to the androgen receptor to a greater degree than testosterone, but due to its inability to act on the muscle in ways unmediated by the receptor, has less overall effect on muscle growth. Mechanism of action: Nandrolone is an androgen receptor agonist. Drug type: Approved. Illicit. Small Molecule. Drug category: Anabolic Agents. Androgens | ILX:0107300 | 3 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | 06/18/2018 | FDI Lab - SciCrunch.org | term | 12/09/2016 | 0 | NeuroLex | NeuroLex |
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