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Sambaqui (shellmound) societies are among the most intriguing archaeological phenomena in pre-colonial South America, extending from approximately 8,000 to 1,000 years before present (yr BP) across 3,000 km on the Atlantic coast. However, little is known about their connection to early Holocene hunter-gatherers, how this may have contributed to different historical pathways and the processes through which late Holocene ceramists came to rule the coast shortly before European contact. To contribute to our understanding of the population history of indigenous societies on the eastern coast of South America, we produced genome-wide data from 34 ancient individuals as early as 10,000 yr BP from four different regions in Brazil. Early Holocene hunter-gatherers were found to lack shared genetic drift among themselves and with later populations from eastern South America, suggesting that they derived from a common radiation and did not contribute substantially to later coastal groups. Our analyses show genetic heterogeneity among contemporaneous Sambaqui groups from the southeastern and southern Brazilian coast, contrary to the similarity expressed in the archaeological record. The complex history of intercultural contact between inland horticulturists and coastal populations becomes genetically evident during the final horizon of Sambaqui societies, from around 2,200 yr BP, corroborating evidence of cultural change.
Pubmed ID: 37524799 RIS Download
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Software program for clustering large number of short similar DNA sequences. It was originally designed for clustering targeted 16S rRNA pyrosequencing reads.
View all literature mentionsJava toolset for working with next generation sequencing data in the BAM format.
View all literature mentionsMultiple sequence alignment method with reduced time and space complexity.Multiple sequence alignment with high accuracy and high throughput. Data analysis service for multiple sequence comparison by log- expectation.
View all literature mentionsSoftware program to remove residual adapter sequences from next generation sequencing reads. Used for cleaning of next-generation sequencing reads. AdapterRemoval v2 introduces improvements in throughput, through use of single instruction, multiple data (SIMD; SSE1 and SSE2) instructions and multi-threading support; handles datasets containing reads or read-pairs with different adapters or adapter pairs; provides simultaneous demultiplexing and adapter trimming; has ability to reconstruct adapter sequences from paired-end reads for poorly documented data sets; provides native gzip and bzip2 support.
View all literature mentionsConversion software that both demultiplexes data and converts BCL files generated by Illumina sequencing systems to standard FASTQ file formats for downstream analysis.
View all literature mentionsSource code that performs multiple alignment of peptidic sequences. It utilizes posterior decoding and a sequence-annealing alignment, instead of the traditional progressive alignment method.
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