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LONP-1 and ATFS-1 sustain deleterious heteroplasmy by promoting mtDNA replication in dysfunctional mitochondria.

Nature cell biology | 2022

The accumulation of deleterious mitochondrial DNA (∆mtDNA) causes inherited mitochondrial diseases and ageing-associated decline in mitochondrial functions such as oxidative phosphorylation. Following mitochondrial perturbations, the bZIP protein ATFS-1 induces a transcriptional programme to restore mitochondrial function. Paradoxically, ATFS-1 is also required to maintain ∆mtDNAs in heteroplasmic worms. The mechanism by which ATFS-1 promotes ∆mtDNA accumulation relative to wild-type mtDNAs is unclear. Here we show that ATFS-1 accumulates in dysfunctional mitochondria. ATFS-1 is absent in healthy mitochondria owing to degradation by the mtDNA-bound protease LONP-1, which results in the nearly exclusive association between ATFS-1 and ∆mtDNAs in heteroplasmic worms. Moreover, we demonstrate that mitochondrial ATFS-1 promotes the binding of the mtDNA replicative polymerase (POLG) to ∆mtDNAs. Interestingly, inhibition of the mtDNA-bound protease LONP-1 increased ATFS-1 and POLG binding to wild-type mtDNAs. LONP-1 inhibition in Caenorhabditis elegans and human cybrid cells improved the heteroplasmy ratio and restored oxidative phosphorylation. Our findings suggest that ATFS-1 promotes mtDNA replication in dysfunctional mitochondria by promoting POLG-mtDNA binding, which is antagonized by LONP-1.

Pubmed ID: 35165413 RIS Download

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R35 GM130320
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: T32 GM139789
  • Agency: NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P40 OD010440
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 GM115911
  • Agency: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, United States
  • Agency: NIA NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AG047182
  • Agency: NIAID NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AI117839
  • Agency: NHLBI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: F31 HL147482
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 GM111706
  • Agency: NIA NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R01 AG040061
  • Agency: NIA NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R37 AG047182

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