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pre-piRNA trimming and 2'-O-methylation protect piRNAs from 3' tailing and degradation in C. elegans.

Cell reports | 2021

The Piwi-interacting RNA (piRNA) pathway suppresses transposable elements and promotes fertility in diverse organisms. Maturation of piRNAs involves pre-piRNA trimming followed by 2'-O-methylation at their 3' termini. Here, we report that the 3' termini of Caenorhabditis elegans piRNAs are subject to nontemplated nucleotide addition, and piRNAs with 3' addition exhibit extensive base-pairing interaction with their target RNAs. Animals deficient for PARN-1 (pre-piRNA trimmer) and HENN-1 (2'-O-methyltransferase) accumulate piRNAs with 3' nontemplated nucleotides. In henn-1 mutants, piRNAs are shortened prior to 3' addition, whereas long isoforms of untrimmed piRNAs are preferentially modified in parn-1 mutant animals. Loss of either PARN-1 or HENN-1 results in modest reduction in steady-state levels of piRNAs. Deletion of both enzymes leads to depletion of piRNAs, desilenced piRNA targets, and impaired fecundity. Together, our findings suggest that pre-piRNA trimming and 2'-O-methylation act collaboratively to protect piRNAs from tailing and degradation.

Pubmed ID: 34469728 RIS Download

Associated grants

  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R35 GM142580
  • Agency: NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P40 OD010440
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R50 CA211524
  • Agency: NCI NIH HHS, United States
    Id: P30 CA016058
  • Agency: NIGMS NIH HHS, United States
    Id: R00 GM124460

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