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Brain injuries can interrupt descending neural pathways that convey motor commands from the cortex to spinal motoneurons. Here, we demonstrate that a unilateral injury of the hindlimb sensorimotor cortex of rats with completely transected thoracic spinal cord produces hindlimb postural asymmetry with contralateral flexion and asymmetric hindlimb withdrawal reflexes within 3 hr, as well as asymmetry in gene expression patterns in the lumbar spinal cord. The injury-induced postural effects were abolished by hypophysectomy and were mimicked by transfusion of serum from animals with brain injury. Administration of the pituitary neurohormones β-endorphin or Arg-vasopressin-induced side-specific hindlimb responses in naive animals, while antagonists of the opioid and vasopressin receptors blocked hindlimb postural asymmetry in rats with brain injury. Thus, in addition to the well-established involvement of motor pathways descending from the brain to spinal circuits, the side-specific humoral signaling may also add to postural and reflex asymmetries seen after brain injury.
Pubmed ID: 34372969 RIS Download
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Software to determine most stable reference (housekeeping) genes from set of tested candidate reference genes in given sample panel. From this, gene expression normalization factor can be calculated for each sample based geometric mean of user-defined number of reference genes.
View all literature mentionsData analysis software for neurophysiology with a multitude of features, including: * Import of native data files created by many popular data acquisition systems * All standard histogram and raster analyses * Shift predictors in crosscorrelograms and color markers in perievent rasters * Joint PSTH, burst analysis and many more analyses of timestamped data * Spectral analysis of spike and continuous data * 3D data view and animation * Fully customizable WYSIWYG graphics * Custom analysis and batch mode processing with internal scripting language * Direct data link to Matlab and Excel * Statistical tests via direct link to R-project
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View all literature mentionsA tool for copy number variation (CNV) detection for targeted resequencing data such as those from whole-exome capture data.
View all literature mentionsRattus norvegicus with name HanTac:WH from RGD.
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