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RNA associates extensively with chromatin and can influence its structure; however, the potential role of the negative charges of RNA on chromatin structure remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that RNA prevents precipitation of histones and can attenuate electrostatic interactions between histones and DNA, thereby loosening up the chromatin structure. This effect is independent of the sequence of RNA but dependent on its single-stranded nature, length, concentration, and negative charge. Opening and closure of chromatin by RNA occurs rapidly (within minutes) and passively (in permeabilized cells), in agreement with electrostatics. Accordingly, chromatin compaction following removal of RNA can be prevented by high ionic strength or neutralization of the positively charged histone tails by hyperacetylation. Finally, LINE1 repeat RNAs bind histone H2B and can decondense chromatin. We propose that RNA regulates chromatin opening and closure by neutralizing the positively charged tails of histones, reducing their electrostatic interactions with DNA.
Pubmed ID: 31447351 RIS Download
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Cell line U2OS is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens (Human)
View all literature mentionsCell line HeLa is a Cancer cell line with a species of origin Homo sapiens
View all literature mentionsCell line NIH 3T3 is a Spontaneously immortalized cell line with a species of origin Mus musculus
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